Type in the keyword to find:
!=, <> %, MOD & * + - -- as the Start of a Comment --add-drop-database --add-drop-table --add-drop-trigger --add-drop-user --add-locks --admin-auth-plugin --admin-host --admin-require-ssl --admin-user --all-databases --all-in-1 --allow-keywords --analyze --apply-slave-statements --auth-method --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --auto-generate-sql-execute-number --auto-generate-sql-guid-primary --auto-generate-sql-load-type --auto-generate-sql-secondary-indexes --auto-generate-sql-unique-query-number --auto-generate-sql-unique-write-number --auto-generate-sql-write-number --auto-rehash --auto-repair --auto-vertical-output --base64-output --basedir --batch --binary-as-hex --binary-mode --bind-address --binlog-row-event-max-size --builddir --character-sets-dir --check --check-only-changed --check-upgrade --classic --column-names --column-type-info --columns --comments --commit --compact --compatible --complete-insert --compress --compress-output --concurrency --connect-expired-password --connect_timeout --connection-server-id --core-file-size --count --create --create-options --create-schema --cross-bootstrap --csv --database --databases --datadir --dba --dbpassword --dbuser --debug --debug-check --debug-info --default-auth --default-character-set --default-parallelism --defaults --defaults-extra-file --defaults-file --defaults-group-suffix --defer-table-indexes --delete --delete-master-logs --delimiter --detach --disable-keys --disable-log-bin --dump-date --dump-slave --enable-cleartext-plugin --engine --events --exclude-databases --exclude-events --exclude-gtids --exclude-routines --exclude-tables --exclude-triggers --exclude-users --execute --extended --extended-insert --extra-sql-file --fast --fields-enclosed-by --fields-escaped-by --fields-optionally-enclosed-by --fields-terminated-by --file --fix-db-names --fix-table-names --flush-logs --flush-privileges --force --force-if-open --force-read --help --hex-blob --hexdump --histignore --host --html --i-am-a-dummy --idempotent --ignore --ignore-error --ignore-lines --ignore-spaces --ignore-table --include-databases --include-events --include-gtids --include-master-host-port --include-routines --include-tables --include-triggers --include-users --init-command --insecure --insert-ignore --interactive --iterations --js --json --keep-my-cnf --keys --lc-messages --lc-messages-dir --ldata --ledir --line-numbers --lines-terminated-by --local --local-infile --local-load --lock-all-tables --lock-tables --log-error --log-error-file --log-level --login-file --login-path --low-priority --malloc-lib --master-data --max-allowed-packet --max_allowed_packet --max_join_size --medium-check --my-print-defaults --mysqld --mysqld-file --mysqld-safe-log-timestamps --mysqld-version --named-commands --ndb-log-update-as-write Option: Logging Changed Data as Updates --net-buffer-length --net_buffer_length --nice --no-auto-rehash --no-autocommit --no-beep --no-create-db --no-create-info --no-data --no-defaults --no-drop --no-set-names --no-tablespaces --no-wizard --node --number-char-cols --number-int-cols --number-of-queries --offset --one-database --only-print --open-files-limit --opt --optimize --order-by-primary --pager --parallel-schemas --password --passwords-from-stdin --pid-file --pipe --plugin-dir --plugin-ini --port --post-query --post-system --pre-query --pre-system --print-defaults --prompt --protocol --py --query --quick --quote-names --random-password-file --random-passwords --raw --read-from-remote-master --read-from-remote-server --reconnect --recreate-schema --relative --repair --replace --result-file --rewrite-db --routines --rpm --schema --secure-auth --select_limit --server-id --server-id-bits --server-public-key-path --set-charset --set-gtid-purged --shared-memory-base-name --short-form --show-table-type --show-warnings --shutdown_timeout --sigint-ignore --silent --single-transaction --skip-add-drop-table --skip-add-locks --skip-auto-rehash --skip-column-names --skip-comments --skip-compact --skip-database --skip-definer --skip-disable-keys --skip-dump-rows --skip-extended-insert --skip-gtids --skip-kill-mysqld --skip-line-numbers --skip-name-resolve --skip-named-commands --skip-opt --skip-pager --skip-quick --skip-quote-names --skip-random-passwords --skip-reconnect --skip-set-charset --skip-ssl --skip-sys-schema --skip-syslog --skip-triggers --skip-tz-utc --sleep --socket --sql --sql-mode --sqlc --sqln --srcdir --ssl --ssl-ca --ssl-capath --ssl-cert --ssl-cipher --ssl-crl --ssl-crlpath --ssl-key --ssl-mode --ssl-verify-server-cert --start-datetime --start-position --status --stop-datetime --stop-never --stop-never-slave-server-id --stop-position --suffix --syslog --syslog-tag --tab --table --tables --tee --timezone --tls-version --tmpdir --to-last-log --triggers --tz-utc --uid --unbuffered --upgrade-system-tables --uri --use-default --use-frm --use-threads --user --users --verbose --verify-binlog-checksum --version --version-check --vertical --wait --watch-progress --where --windows --write-binlog --xml -a -g -h -i -l -n -r -s -t .ARM file .ARZ file .cfg file .frm file .ibd file .ibz file .isl file .MRG file .MYD file .MYI file .OPT file .par file .TRG file .TRN file / := < << <= <=> = > >= >> ^ Aborted_clients Aborted_connects Aborting a Buffer Pool Load Operation About This Manual ABS() Access Control for Stored Programs and Views Access Control, Stage 1: Connection Verification Access Control, Stage 2: Request Verification Access denied Account Management Statements Account Names and Passwords Accounts and Roles ACID ACOS() Active Language Adapting a memcached Application for the InnoDB memcached Plugin Adapting an Existing MySQL Schema for the InnoDB memcached Plugin Adapting DML Statements to memcached Operations Adapting SQL Queries adaptive flushing adaptive hash index Adaptive Hash Index Add a Document Add a Nonunique Index Add a Unique Index Add Documents ADDDATE() Adding a Binary Log Based Master to a Multi-Source Replication Slave Adding a Character Set Adding a Collation for Full-Text Indexing Adding a Collation to a Character Set Adding a GTID Based Master to a Multi-Source Replication Slave Adding a New Native Function Adding a New User-Defined Function Adding a Second Instance Adding a Simple Collation to an 8-Bit Character Set Adding a UCA Collation to a Unicode Character Set Adding Additional Instances Adding and Dropping Columns Adding foreign keys Adding Instances to an InnoDB Cluster Adding Instances to the Group Adding Module Search Paths Adding NDB Cluster Data Nodes Online Adding NDB Cluster Data Nodes Online: Basic procedure Adding NDB Cluster Data Nodes Online: Detailed Example Adding NDB Cluster Data Nodes Online: General Issues Adding New Functions to MySQL Adding or Dropping Foreign Keys Adding or Dropping Secondary Indexes Adding Rewrite Rules Adding Slaves to a Replication Environment Adding Tables to a General Tablespace Adding the MySQL Yum Repository Adding User Accounts Additional InnoDB Information and Resources Additional Installation Information Additional Options Additional Resources ADDTIME() Adjusting Memory Usage for MyISAM and InnoDB Administration-Related Issues Administrative Account Creation Administrator Guidelines for Password Security Advanced Options Advantages and Disadvantages of Statement-Based and Row-Based Replication Advantages of File-Per-Table Tablespaces Advantages of row-based replication Advantages of statement-based replication AES_DECRYPT() AES_ENCRYPT() Affected DDL statements Aggregate (GROUP BY) Function Descriptions Aggregate (GROUP BY) Functions Aggregation of JSON Values AHI AIO ALL [PRIVILEGES] Allocating a Raw Disk Partition on Linux and Unix Systems Allocating a Raw Disk Partition on Windows Allowing or Disallowing DDL ALTER ALTER DATABASE Syntax ALTER EVENT Syntax ALTER FUNCTION Syntax ALTER INSTANCE Syntax ALTER LOGFILE GROUP Syntax ALTER PROCEDURE Syntax ALTER ROUTINE ALTER SERVER Syntax ALTER TABLE and Generated Columns ALTER TABLE Examples ALTER TABLE Method ALTER TABLE Monitoring Example Using Performance Schema ALTER TABLE Online Operations in NDB Cluster ALTER TABLE Partition Operations ALTER TABLE Syntax ALTER TABLESPACE Syntax ALTER USER Account-Locking Options ALTER USER Authentication Options ALTER USER Overview ALTER USER Password-Management Options ALTER USER Resource-Limit Options ALTER USER SSL/TLS Options ALTER USER Syntax ALTER VIEW Syntax Alternative Storage Engines An InnoDB Deadlock Example ANALYZE TABLE Output ANALYZE TABLE Syntax AND, && Antelope ANY_VALUE() API Options for Encrypted Connections Append, Insert, and Delete Arrays Appendix A MySQL 5.7 Frequently Asked Questions Appendix B Errors, Error Codes, and Common Problems Appendix C Restrictions and Limits Appendix D Indexes Application Log Application Performance Considerations application programming interface (API) apply Apply Server Configuration Argument Handling by Spatial Functions Arithmetic Operators ASCII() Asian Character Sets ASIN() Assigning Account Passwords Assigning Anonymous Account Passwords Assigning root Account Passwords Assignment Operators ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT() ASYMMETRIC_DERIVE() ASYMMETRIC_ENCRYPT() ASYMMETRIC_SIGN() ASYMMETRIC_VERIFY() asynchronous I/O ATAN() ATAN2(), ATAN() atomic atomic instruction Atomicity Audit Log Components Audit Log File Naming Audit Log Filtering Audit Log Functions Audit Log Logging Control Audit Log Option and Variable Reference Audit Log Options and Variables Audit Log Reference Audit Log Restrictions Audit Log Space Management Audit Log Status Variables Audit Log Tables Audit Logging Strategy Audit Plugin Error Handling Audit Plugin General Descriptor Audit Plugin Notification Function Audit Plugin Type-Specific Descriptor Audit Plugin Usage Audit Plugins audit-log audit_log_buffer_size audit_log_connection_policy audit_log_current_session Audit_log_current_size Audit_log_event_max_drop_size Audit_log_events Audit_log_events_filtered Audit_log_events_lost Audit_log_events_written audit_log_exclude_accounts audit_log_file audit_log_flush audit_log_format audit_log_include_accounts audit_log_policy audit_log_rotate_on_size audit_log_statement_policy audit_log_strategy Audit_log_total_size Audit_log_write_waits Authentication Plugin Usage Instructions Authentication Plugins AUTO-INC Locks auto-increment Auto-Increment Columns auto-increment locking auto_generate_certs AUTO_INCREMENT Handling in InnoDB autocommit autocommit, Commit, and Rollback Automatic Initialization and Updating for TIMESTAMP and DATETIME Automatic SSL and RSA File Generation automatic_sp_privileges availability Available Quick-Start Guides AVG() avoid_temporal_upgrade Avoiding Full Table Scans B-tree B-Tree Index Characteristics back_log Backing Up a Master or Slave by Making It Read Only Backing Up a Slave Using mysqldump Backing Up Raw Data from a Slave Backing Up Your Database backticks backup Backup and Recovery Backup and Recovery Types BACKUP Events Backup Scheduling, Compression, and Encryption Backup Strategy Summary Backward Compatibility Balancing Portability and Performance Baltic Character Sets Barracuda base column Basic Table Operations Batch Code Execution Batch Mode Made Interactive Batched Key Access Joins Before You Begin Before You Start BEGIN ... END Compound-Statement Syntax Begin: Stable Group BENCHMARK() Benefits of the InnoDB memcached Plugin Benefits of Using InnoDB Tables Best Practices for InnoDB Tables beta BETWEEN ... AND ... BIN() BINARY binary log Binary Log File Position Based Replication Configuration Overview Binary Logging Formats Binary Logging of Stored Programs Binary Logging Options and Variables binlog BINLOG Syntax Binlog_cache_disk_use Binlog_cache_use Binlog_stmt_cache_disk_use Binlog_stmt_cache_use Bit Functions and Operators Bit-Value Literals Bit-Value Type - BIT BIT_AND() BIT_COUNT() BIT_LENGTH() BIT_OR() BIT_XOR() blind query expansion Block Nested-Loop Algorithm for Outer Joins and Semi-Joins Block Nested-Loop and Batched Key Access Joins Block Nested-Loop Join Algorithm block_encryption_mode Boolean Full-Text Searches Boolean Literals bottleneck bounce buddy allocator buffer buffer pool Buffer Pool buffer pool instance Buffering and Caching Build the Distribution BUILD_CONFIG Building and Enabling SASL with the InnoDB memcached Plugin Building and Running C API Client Programs Building C API Client Programs Building C API Client Programs Using pkg-config Building MySQL with Support for Encrypted Connections Building NDB Cluster from Source on Linux built-in Bulk Data Loading for InnoDB Tables Bulk Data Loading for MyISAM Tables bulk_insert_buffer_size business rules Bytes_received Bytes_sent C API Automatic Reconnection Control C API Client Plugin Functions C API Common Issues C API Data Structures C API Embedded Server Function Descriptions C API Encrypted Connection Support C API Function Descriptions C API Function Overview C API Multiple Statement Execution Support C API Prepared CALL Statement Support C API Prepared Statement Data Structures C API Prepared Statement Function Descriptions C API Prepared Statement Function Overview C API Prepared Statement Handling of Date and Time Values C API Prepared Statement Problems C API Prepared Statement Type Codes C API Prepared Statement Type Conversions C API Prepared Statements C API Server and Client Library Versions C API Threaded Function Descriptions cache CACHE INDEX Syntax cache_policies Table Caching of Prepared Statements and Stored Programs Calculating Visits Per Day CALL Syntax Can I deploy Group Replication across wide-area networks? Can I scale-out my write-load using Group Replication? Can I use Group Replication for sharding? Can't connect to [local] MySQL server Can't create/write to file Can't initialize character set Cannot Open File Error cardinality CASE Case Sensitivity in String Searches CASE Syntax Cast Functions and Operators CAST() CEIL() CEILING() Central European Character Sets Change Buffer change buffer change buffering CHANGE MASTER TO Syntax CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER Syntax Changes Affecting Downgrades from MySQL 5.7 Changes Affecting Upgrades to MySQL 5.7 Changing Replication Modes on Online Servers Changing the Character Set Changing the Number or Size of InnoDB Redo Log Files CHAR() CHAR_LENGTH() Character Definition Arrays Character Set and Collation Compatibility Character Set and Collation of Function Results Character Set Configuration Character Set Considerations Character Set Introducers Character Set Modifications Character Set Repertoire Character Set Support Character Sets and Collations in General Character Sets and Collations in MySQL Character String Literal Character Set and Collation CHARACTER_LENGTH() character_set_client character_set_connection character_set_database character_set_results character_set_system Characteristics of the MySQL gb18030 Character Set CHARSET() Check Requirements CHECK TABLE Output CHECK TABLE Syntax CHECK TABLE Usage Notes for InnoDB Tables check_proxy_users Checking Data Consistency Checking InnoDB Availability Checking Instance Configuration Checking Instance State Checking Replication Status Checking the InnoDB Cluster Status Checking Version Compatibility Checking Which Accounts Exist checkpoint CHECKPOINT Events checksum CHECKSUM TABLE Syntax child table Choosing a Collation ID Choosing a Method for Data Snapshots Choosing a MySQL Shell Session Type Choosing a Setup Type Choosing An Installation Package Choosing the Compressed Page Size Choosing the Right Type for a Column Choosing the Type of Locking city Table Description clean page clean shutdown client Client Error Codes and Messages Client Plugin Descriptors Client Programming Security Guidelines Client-Side Cleartext Pluggable Authentication Client-Side Configuration for Encrypted Connections Clients and Tools Cloning or Copying a Table Cloning the Structure of a Table Clustered and Secondary Indexes clustered index CMake Options for Compiling NDB Cluster CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE CMAKE_C_FLAGS CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX COALESCE() COERCIBILITY() cold backup Cold Backups COLLATE Clause Precedence Collation Coercibility in Expressions Collation Implementation Types Collation Issues Collation Naming Conventions COLLATION() collation_connection collation_database Collection Collections column Column Character Set and Collation Column Character Set Conversion Column Count Limits Column Data Types and Attributes column index Column Indexes column prefix Column Privileges COLUMNS Partitioning Com_admin_commands Com_alter_db Com_alter_db_upgrade Com_alter_event Com_alter_function Com_alter_procedure Com_alter_server Com_alter_table Com_alter_tablespace Com_alter_user Com_analyze Com_assign_to_keycache Com_begin Com_binlog Com_call_procedure Com_change_db Com_change_master Com_change_repl_filter Com_check Com_checksum Com_commit Com_create_db Com_create_event Com_create_function Com_create_index Com_create_procedure Com_create_server Com_create_table Com_create_trigger Com_create_udf Com_create_user Com_create_view Com_dealloc_sql Com_delete Com_delete_multi Com_do Com_drop_db Com_drop_event Com_drop_function Com_drop_index Com_drop_procedure Com_drop_server Com_drop_table Com_drop_trigger Com_drop_user Com_drop_view Com_empty_query Com_execute_sql Com_explain_other Com_flush Com_get_diagnostics Com_grant Com_group_replication_start Com_group_replication_stop Com_ha_close Com_ha_open Com_ha_read Com_help Com_insert Com_insert_select Com_install_plugin Com_kill Com_load Com_lock_tables Com_optimize Com_preload_keys Com_prepare_sql Com_purge Com_purge_before_date Com_release_savepoint Com_rename_table Com_rename_user Com_repair Com_replace Com_replace_select Com_reset Com_resignal Com_revoke Com_revoke_all Com_rollback Com_rollback_to_savepoint Com_savepoint Com_select Com_set_option Com_show_authors Com_show_binlog_events Com_show_binlogs Com_show_charsets Com_show_collations Com_show_contributors Com_show_create_db Com_show_create_event Com_show_create_func Com_show_create_proc Com_show_create_table Com_show_create_trigger Com_show_create_user Com_show_databases Com_show_engine_logs Com_show_engine_mutex Com_show_engine_status Com_show_errors Com_show_events Com_show_fields Com_show_function_code Com_show_function_status Com_show_grants Com_show_keys Com_show_master_status Com_show_ndb_status Com_show_new_master Com_show_open_tables Com_show_plugins Com_show_privileges Com_show_procedure_code Com_show_procedure_status Com_show_processlist Com_show_profile Com_show_profiles Com_show_relaylog_events Com_show_slave_hosts Com_show_slave_status Com_show_slave_status_nonblocking Com_show_status Com_show_storage_engines Com_show_table_status Com_show_tables Com_show_triggers Com_show_variables Com_show_warnings Com_shutdown Com_signal Com_slave_start Com_slave_stop Com_stmt_close Com_stmt_execute Com_stmt_fetch Com_stmt_prepare Com_stmt_reprepare Com_stmt_reset Com_stmt_send_long_data Com_truncate Com_uninstall_plugin Com_unlock_tables Com_update Com_update_multi Com_xa_commit Com_xa_end Com_xa_prepare Com_xa_recover Com_xa_rollback Com_xa_start Combination SQL Modes Combinations of Functional Dependencies Command Options Command Options for Encrypted Connections Command Probes Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling Commands for Operations on a Single Channel Commands in the NDB Cluster Management Client Commands out of sync Comment Syntax commit Common Errors Common Errors When Using MySQL Programs Common Replication Administration Tasks Communication Errors and Aborted Connections comp_err — Compile MySQL Error Message File COMPACT and REDUNDANT Row Formats compact row format COMPACT Row Format Characteristics Comparison and Ordering of JSON Values Comparison Functions and Operators Comparison of B-Tree and Hash Indexes Comparison of filesort Algorithms Comparison of the IGNORE Keyword and Strict SQL Mode Comparisons Using Subqueries Compatibility Check When a Table Is Opened Compatibility Check When InnoDB Is Started Compatibility Issues Related to Hashing Methods Compatibility with Other DBMSs Compatibility with Previous Replication Statements COMPILATION_COMMENT Compiler Flags Compiler-Specific Build Characteristics Compiling and Installing NDB Cluster from Source on Windows Compiling and Installing Plugin Libraries Compiling MySQL Clients on Microsoft Windows Compiling MySQL Clients on Unix Compiling MySQL for Debugging Compiling Programs with libmysqld completion_type composite index Compound-Statement Syntax COMPRESS() compressed backup compressed row format compressed table Compressed Table Characteristics Compressing BLOB, VARCHAR, and TEXT Columns Compressing in the Application Compressing in the Database Compression compression Compression Algorithms Compression and the InnoDB Buffer Pool Compression and the InnoDB Redo Log Files compression failure Compression for OLTP Workloads Compression of B-Tree Pages Computer running MySQL Notifier (Computer A) CONCAT() CONCAT_WS() concatenated index concurrency Concurrency Considerations Concurrent Inserts concurrent_insert Condition Handling config_options Table Configuration Changes Configuration Characteristics and Compression configuration file Configuration for NDB Cluster Backups Configuration of NDB Cluster Configuration Options Configure the Distribution Configuring an Instance for Group Replication Configuring Application Character Set and Collation Configuring Automatic Statistics Calculation for Persistent Optimizer Statistics Configuring InnoDB Buffer Pool Chunk Size Configuring InnoDB Buffer Pool Flushing Configuring InnoDB Buffer Pool Prefetching (Read-Ahead) Configuring InnoDB Buffer Pool Size Configuring InnoDB Buffer Pool Size Online Configuring InnoDB Change Buffering Configuring InnoDB for Read-Only Operation Configuring InnoDB Purge Scheduling Configuring keyring_okv for Gemalto SafeNet KeySecure Appliance Configuring keyring_okv for Oracle Key Vault Configuring Logging Configuring Minimum and Maximum Word Length Configuring Multi-Source Replication Configuring Multiple Buffer Pool Instances Configuring Multiple MySQL Instances Using systemd Configuring MySQL Shell Configuring MySQL to Use Encrypted Connections Configuring NDB Cluster Send Buffer Parameters Configuring ngram Token Size Configuring Non-Persistent Optimizer Statistics Parameters Configuring Optimizer Statistics for InnoDB Configuring Optimizer Statistics Parameters for Individual Tables Configuring Persistent Optimizer Statistics Parameters Configuring Replication Configuring Spin Lock Polling Configuring SSL for Group Communication Configuring SSL for Recovery Configuring systemd for MySQL Configuring the Change Buffer Maximum Size Configuring the Dump Percentage for Buffer Pool Pages Configuring the InnoDB Master Thread I/O Rate Configuring the InnoDB memcached Plugin Configuring the Instance Configuring the Memory Allocator for InnoDB Configuring the Merge Threshold for Index Pages Configuring the MySQL Server to Permit IPv6 Connections Configuring the Natural Language Search Threshold Configuring the Number of Background InnoDB I/O Threads Configuring the Number of Sampled Pages Configuring the Number of Sampled Pages for InnoDB Optimizer Statistics Configuring the Server Configuring Thread Concurrency for InnoDB Configuring Undo Tablespaces Confirm the Schema Connect Command connect_timeout Connecting to and Disconnecting from the Server Connecting to MySQL Remotely from Windows with SSH Connecting to the MySQL Server Connecting using a URI String Connecting using both URI and Individual Parameters Connecting using Individual Parameters Connecting Using IPv6 Nonlocal Host Addresses Connecting Using the IPv6 Local Host Address Connection Character Sets and Collations Connection Delay Configuration CONNECTION Events Connection Failure Assessment Connection Failure Monitoring Connection Options Connection Probes Connection to MySQL Server Failing on Windows Connection-Control INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables Connection-Control Plugin Installation Connection-Control System and Status Variables Connection_errors_accept Connection_errors_internal Connection_errors_max_connections Connection_errors_peer_addr Connection_errors_select Connection_errors_tcpwrap CONNECTION_ID() Connections Connections in JavaScript and Python Connectivity Connectors and APIs Considerations for InnoDB Considerations for NDB Cluster Consistency Consistent Nonlocking Reads consistent read constraint Constraints on Invalid Data containers Table containers Table Column Constraints Contributors to MySQL Control Flow Functions Controlling Plugin Activation State Controlling Query Plan Evaluation Controlling the History File Controlling the Query Optimizer Controlling Timeouts, Intervals, and Disk Paging Controlling Transactional Behavior of the InnoDB memcached Plugin CONV() Conventions in the INFORMATION_SCHEMA Reference Sections Conversion Between Date and Time Types CONVERT() CONVERT_TZ() Converting an Existing Table Converting Between 3-Byte and 4-Byte Unicode Character Sets Converting between JSON and non-JSON values Converting Tables from MyISAM to InnoDB Copy a Database from one Server to Another Copy an Existing Data Directory Copying Data Files (Cold Backup Method) Copying File-Per-Table Tablespaces to Another Instance Copying MySQL Databases to Another Machine core_file Correlated Subqueries Correlating InnoDB Transactions with MySQL Sessions Corrupted MyISAM Tables COS() Cost Model General Operation COT() COUNT() COUNT(DISTINCT) counter Counter Modules Counters Counting Rows covering index CPACK_MONOLITHIC_INSTALL CPU-bound crash crash recovery CRC32() CREATE Create a Collection Create a mysql User and Group Create a New Data Directory Create a private/public key pair using RSA encryption Create a symmetric key Create and Drop Indexes CREATE DATABASE Syntax CREATE EVENT Syntax CREATE FUNCTION Syntax CREATE FUNCTION Syntax for User-Defined Functions CREATE INDEX Syntax CREATE LOGFILE GROUP Syntax CREATE PROCEDURE and CREATE FUNCTION Syntax CREATE ROUTINE CREATE SERVER Syntax CREATE TABLE ... LIKE Syntax CREATE TABLE ... SELECT Syntax CREATE TABLE and Generated Columns CREATE TABLE Failure Due to Orphan Table CREATE TABLE Statement Retention CREATE TABLE Syntax CREATE TABLESPACE CREATE TABLESPACE Syntax CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE Syntax CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES CREATE TRIGGER Syntax CREATE USER CREATE USER Account-Locking Options CREATE USER Authentication Options CREATE USER Overview CREATE USER Password-Management Options CREATE USER Resource-Limit Options CREATE USER SSL/TLS Options CREATE USER Syntax CREATE VIEW CREATE VIEW Syntax Create, List, and Drop Collections CREATE_ASYMMETRIC_PRIV_KEY() CREATE_ASYMMETRIC_PUB_KEY() CREATE_DH_PARAMETERS() Created_tmp_disk_tables Created_tmp_files Created_tmp_tables Creating a Compressed Table in a General Tablespace Creating a Compressed Table in File-Per-Table Tablespace Creating a Data Snapshot Using mysqldump Creating a Data Snapshot Using Raw Data Files Creating a FEDERATED Table Using CONNECTION Creating a FEDERATED Table Using CREATE SERVER Creating a FULLTEXT Index that uses the MeCab Parser Creating a FULLTEXT Index that Uses the ngram Parser Creating a General Tablespace Creating a New Table and Column Mapping Creating a Session Using Shell Commands Creating a Table Creating a User for Replication Creating a Whitelist of Servers Creating an Encrypted Session Using SSL Creating an InnoDB Cluster From an Existing Group Replication Deployment Creating an Option File Creating and Selecting a Database Creating and Using a Database Creating and Using ENUM Columns Creating Compressed Tables Creating File-Per-Table Tablespaces Outside the Data Directory Creating InnoDB Tables Creating JSON Values Creating Partitioned Tables Creating RSA Keys Using openssl Creating Spatial Columns Creating Spatial Indexes Creating SSL and RSA Certificates and Keys Creating SSL and RSA Certificates and Keys using MySQL Creating SSL Certificates and Keys Using openssl Creating the Cluster Creating the InnoDB Cluster Creating Trace Files Credits CRUD CRUD Operations CSV Limitations CURDATE() CURRENT_DATE(), CURRENT_DATE CURRENT_TIME(), CURRENT_TIME CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP CURRENT_USER(), CURRENT_USER cursor Cursor CLOSE Syntax Cursor DECLARE Syntax Cursor FETCH Syntax Cursor OPEN Syntax Cursors CURTIME() Curve Class Customizing MySQL Shell Customizing the PATH for MySQL Tools Cyrillic Character Sets Daemon Plugins daemon_memcached_enable_binlog daemon_memcached_engine_lib_name daemon_memcached_engine_lib_path daemon_memcached_option daemon_memcached_r_batch_size daemon_memcached_w_batch_size Data Characteristics and Compression data definition language Data Definition Statements data dictionary data directory data files data manipulation language Data Manipulation Statements Data Memory, Index Memory, and String Memory Data Type Default Values Data Type Overview Data Type Storage Requirements Data Types data warehouse database Database Administration Statements Database Backup Methods Database Character Set and Collation Database Compression versus Application Compression Database Privileges DATABASE() Date and Time Functions Date and Time Literals Date and Time Type Overview Date and Time Type Storage Requirements Date and Time Types Date Calculations DATE() DATE_ADD() date_format DATE_FORMAT() DATE_SUB() DATEDIFF() datetime_format DAY() DAYNAME() DAYOFMONTH() DAYOFWEEK() DAYOFYEAR() DCL DDL DDL Operations for MEMORY Tables DDL Options deadlock deadlock detection Deadlock Detection and Rollback Deadlocks in InnoDB Dealing with Problems Compiling MySQL DEALLOCATE PREPARE Syntax Debug Options debug_sync Debugging a MySQL Client Debugging a MySQL Server Debugging and Porting MySQL Debugging Considerations Debugging mysqld under gdb DECIMAL Data Type Characteristics DECLARE ... CONDITION Syntax DECLARE ... HANDLER Syntax DECLARE Syntax DECODE() Decreasing the Size of the InnoDB System Tablespace Default my.cnf File Default Proxy User and Anonymous User Conflicts Default Proxy Users DEFAULT() default_authentication_plugin DEFAULT_CHARSET DEFAULT_COLLATION default_password_lifetime default_tmp_storage_engine default_week_format Defining a PRIMARY KEY for Each Table Defining a UCA Collation Using LDML Syntax Defining an NDB Cluster Management Server Defining Computers in an NDB Cluster Defining NDB Cluster Data Nodes Defining SQL and Other API Nodes in an NDB Cluster Defining Stored Programs Definition of ib-file set Defragmenting a Table DEGREES() Delayed Replication Delayed_errors delayed_insert_limit Delayed_insert_threads delayed_insert_timeout delayed_queue_size Delayed_writes delete DELETE Delete All Records in a Table delete buffering Delete Records Using Conditions DELETE Syntax Delete Tables Delete the First Record Deleting Rows from Related Tables denormalized Deploying Group Replication in Single-Primary Mode Deploying in Multi-Primary or Single-Primary Mode Deploying Instances for Group Replication Deploying MySQL Router Deploying Sandbox Instances Derived Tables (Subqueries in the FROM Clause) DES_DECRYPT() DES_ENCRYPT() descending index DESCRIBE Syntax Describing the Structure of the InnoDB Cluster Detecting Partitions Detection of Functional Dependence Determination of Safe and Unsafe Statements in Binary Logging Determining the Row Format of an InnoDB Table Determining What Is Instrumented Diagnostics Area Information Items Diagnostics Area Structure Diagnostics Area-Related System Variables Diagnostics During Index.xml Parsing Differences Between InnoDB memcached and Traditional memcached Differences Between the NDB and InnoDB Storage Engines dirty page dirty read DISABLE_PSI_COND DISABLE_PSI_FILE DISABLE_PSI_IDLE DISABLE_PSI_MEMORY DISABLE_PSI_METADATA DISABLE_PSI_MUTEX DISABLE_PSI_RWLOCK DISABLE_PSI_SOCKET DISABLE_PSI_SP DISABLE_PSI_STAGE DISABLE_PSI_STATEMENT DISABLE_PSI_STATEMENT_DIGEST DISABLE_PSI_TABLE disabled_storage_engines Disabling Deadlock Detection Disabling GTID Transactions Online Disabling mysql Auto-Reconnect Disabling Page Compression Disabling Row Locks for memcached DML Operations Disadvantages of Creating Many Tables in the Same Database Disadvantages of row-based replication Disadvantages of statement-based replication Discarding and Importing InnoDB Tablespaces disconnect_on_expired_password disk-based disk-bound Displaying Buffer Pool Dump Progress Displaying Buffer Pool Load Progress Displaying Query Results Vertically Dissolving InnoDB Cluster DISTINCT Optimization Distributed MySQL Privileges for NDB Cluster Distributed Recovery DIV div_precision_increment DML DNS Lookup Optimization and the Host Cache Do members automatically rejoin a group in case of temporary connectivity problems? DO Syntax Document document id Documenters and translators Documents Documents and Collections Documents in Tables Does Group Replication require more network bandwidth and CPU, when compared to simple replication and under the same workload? Donor Connection Retries Donor Selection doublewrite buffer Doublewrite Buffer Downgrade Methods Downgrade Paths Downgrade Troubleshooting Downgrading MySQL Download world_x Database DOWNLOAD_BOOST DOWNLOAD_BOOST_TIMEOUT DROP drop Drop a Collection Drop an Index DROP DATABASE Syntax DROP EVENT Syntax DROP FUNCTION Syntax DROP INDEX Syntax DROP LOGFILE GROUP Syntax DROP PROCEDURE and DROP FUNCTION Syntax DROP SERVER Syntax DROP TABLE Syntax DROP TABLESPACE Syntax DROP TRIGGER Syntax DROP USER Syntax DROP VIEW Syntax Dropping a General Tablespace Dropping Foreign Keys Dump and Reload Method Dumping Data in Delimited-Text Format with mysqldump Dumping Data in SQL Format with mysqldump Dumping Stored Programs Dumping Table Definitions and Content Separately Durability DYNAMIC and COMPRESSED Row Format Characteristics DYNAMIC and COMPRESSED Row Formats dynamic row format Dynamic System Variables Dynamic Table Characteristics early adopter Effect of show_compatibility_56 on FLUSH STATUS Effect of show_compatibility_56 on INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables Effect of show_compatibility_56 on Performance Schema Tables Effect of show_compatibility_56 on SHOW Statements Effect of show_compatibility_56 on Slave Status Variables Effect of Signals on Handlers, Cursors, and Statements Effects on DML statements ELT() Embedded Server Examples Empty or NULL Enumeration Values ENABLE_DEBUG_SYNC ENABLE_DOWNLOADS ENABLE_DTRACE ENABLE_GCOV ENABLE_GPROF ENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE ENABLED_PROFILING Enabling and Disabling File-Per-Table Tablespaces Enabling and Disabling InnoDB Tablespace Encryption Enabling File Formats Enabling GTID Transactions Online Enabling InnoDB Monitors Enabling Large Page Support Enabling Page Compression Enabling the InnoDB Lock Monitor Enabling the InnoDB memcached Binary Log Enabling the Standard InnoDB Monitor Enabling Truncation of Undo Tablespaces Enabling, Disabling, and Resetting Counters ENCODE() ENCRYPT() Encrypted Connection Protocols and Ciphers Encryption and Compression Functions End-User Guidelines for Password Security end_markers_in_json Enforcing an Encrypted Connection Engine Condition Pushdown Optimization Enhanced Automatic Donor Switchover Entering Queries Enterprise Encryption Function Descriptions Enterprise Encryption Function Reference Enterprise Encryption Installation Enterprise Encryption Usage and Examples ENUM and SET Constraints Enumeration Limitations Enumeration Sorting Environment Variables eq_range_index_dive_limit Equality Range Optimization of Many-Valued Comparisons Error Conditions for Online DDL ERROR Events error log Error Log File Flushing and Renaming Error Log Message Format Error Log Verbosity Error Logging on Unix and Unix-Like Systems Error Logging on Windows Error Logging to the System Log Error Message Character Set error_count Establishing a Backup Policy Estimating ANALYZE TABLE Complexity for InnoDB Tables Estimating Query Performance Evaluation of Database-Level Replication and Binary Logging Options Evaluation of Table-Level Replication Options EVENT Event Buffer Reporting in the Cluster Log Event Filtering by Account Event Filtering by Status Event Filtering Reporting Event Metadata Event Pre-Filtering Event Reports Generated in NDB Cluster Event Scheduler Configuration Event Scheduler Overview Event Scheduler Restrictions Event Scheduler Status Event Scheduler Thread States Event Syntax eviction Examining Thread Information Example 1: Copying an InnoDB Table to Another Instance Example 1: Creating SSL Files from the Command Line on Unix Example 2: Copying an InnoDB Partitioned Table to Another Instance Example 2: Creating SSL Files Using a Script on Unix Example 3: Copying InnoDB Table Partitions to Another Instance Example 3: Creating SSL Files on Windows Example Backup and Recovery Strategy Example C API Client Programs Example Consumer Configurations Example: mysqldump + mysqlbinlog for Backup and Restore Examples Examples of Character Set and Collation Assignment Examples of Common Queries Examples of Foreign Key Clauses Examples of the Effect of Collation Examples of Use Case Scenarios Exchanging a Partition with a Nonpartitioned Table Exchanging a Subpartition with a Nonpartitioned Table Exchanging Partitions and Subpartitions with Tables Exchanging Partitions Without Row-By-Row Validation exclusive lock Executable Scripts EXECUTE EXECUTE Syntax Executing SQL Statements from a Text File Execution Steps EXP() Expediting Truncation of Undo Tablespace Files expire_logs_days EXPLAIN Extra Information EXPLAIN Join Types EXPLAIN Output Columns EXPLAIN Output Format EXPLAIN Output Interpretation EXPLAIN Syntax explicit_defaults_for_timestamp Export and Import (mysqldump) EXPORT_SET() Exporting Encrypted Tables Expression Handling Expression Syntax Extended EXPLAIN Output Format Extending MySQL Extensions for Spatial Data Extensions to SHOW Statements extent External Locking external_user Extra EXTRACT() Extracting the Install Archive ExtractValue() Failure Detection fanout Fast Index Creation fast shutdown Fault-tolerance Feature Options Features Added in MySQL 5.7 Features Deprecated in MySQL 5.7 Features include: Features of the User-Defined Function Interface Features Removed in MySQL 5.7 FEDERATED Storage Engine Notes and Tips FEDERATED Storage Engine Overview FEDERATED Storage Engine Resources Fetching Spatial Data FIELD() FILE file format File I/O Summaries File I/O Summary Tables File Not Found and Similar Errors File Space Management file-per-table File-Per-Table Tablespaces Files Created by CREATE TABLE Filesort Probes fill factor Filter Searches filtered Filtering Options Find All Documents in a Collection Find Documents FIND_IN_SET() Finding the Primary Fine Tuning the Group Communication Thread Fine-tuning InnoDB Buffer Pool Flushing Fine-Tuning MySQL Full-Text Search Finish: Caught Up fixed row format Fixed-Point Types (Exact Value) - DECIMAL, NUMERIC Floating-Point Types (Approximate Value) - FLOAT, DOUBLE FLOOR() Flow Control Flow Control Statements flush flush list FLUSH Syntax FLUSH TABLES Syntax Flush_commands flush_time FORCE_UNSUPPORTED_COMPILER Forcing InnoDB Recovery foreign key FOREIGN KEY constraint FOREIGN KEY Constraints Foreign Key Definitions Foreign Key Differences Foreign Key Restrictions for Generated Columns and Virtual Indexes Foreign Key Usage and Error Information Foreign Keys Foreign Keys and Other MySQL Statements foreign_key_checks Format Options FORMAT() Formatting Results Vertically FOUND_ROWS() Fractional Seconds in Time Values Frequency of Commits Frequently Asked Questions FROM_BASE64() FROM_DAYS() FROM_UNIXTIME() ft_boolean_syntax ft_max_word_len ft_min_word_len ft_query_expansion_limit ft_stopword_file FTS full backup Full List of SQL Modes full table scan Full Versus Incremental Backups Full Versus Point-in-Time (Incremental) Recovery Full-Text Parser Plugins Full-Text Restrictions full-text search Full-Text Search Functions Full-Text Searches with Query Expansion Full-Text Stopwords FULLTEXT index FULLTEXT Indexes Function and Operator Reference Function Call Optimization Function Name Parsing and Resolution Functional Dependencies and Views Functional Dependencies Derived from Keys Functional Dependencies Derived from Multiple-Column Keys and from Equalities Functional Dependency Special Cases Functions and Operators Functions That Create Geometry Values from WKB Values Functions That Create Geometry Values from WKT Values Functions That Create JSON Values Functions That Modify JSON Values Functions That Return JSON Value Attributes Functions That Search JSON Values Functions That Test Spatial Relations Between Geometry Objects Functions Used with Global Transaction IDs Further Reading fuzzy checkpointing GA gap gap lock Gap Locks General Geometry Property Functions General Information General Installation Guidance General keyring_okv Configuration general log General Notes on Installing MySQL on OS X General Options General Pluggable Authentication Restrictions general query log General Requirements for NDB Cluster Replication General Security Issues general tablespace General Tablespace Capabilities General Tablespace Limitations General Tablespace Row Format Support General Tablespace Table Partition Support General Tablespaces General Thread States General-Purpose Keyring Function Reference General-Purpose Keyring Key-Management Functions general_log_file Generate a digest from a string generated column generated stored column generated virtual column Geometry Class Geometry Format Conversion Functions Geometry Property Functions Geometry Well-Formedness and Validity GeometryCollection Class GeometryCollection Property Functions GET DIAGNOSTICS Syntax Get Help for MySQL Shell GET_FORMAT() GET_FORMAT(DATE,'EUR') GET_FORMAT(DATE,'INTERNAL') GET_FORMAT(DATE,'ISO') GET_FORMAT(DATE,'JIS') GET_FORMAT(DATE,'USA') GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'EUR') GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'INTERNAL') GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'ISO') GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'JIS') GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'USA') GET_FORMAT(TIME,'EUR') GET_FORMAT(TIME,'INTERNAL') GET_FORMAT(TIME,'ISO') GET_FORMAT(TIME,'JIS') GET_FORMAT(TIME,'USA') GET_LOCK() Getting Information About Databases and Tables Getting Started Getting Started with InnoDB Cluster Getting Started with MySQL Shell Global and Thread Consumers Global and Thread Instrumentation Only Global Instrumentation Only Global Privileges Global Session global transaction Global Transaction ID Options and Variables Global, Thread, and Current-Event Instrumentation Global, Thread, Current-Event, and Event-History instrumentation Globalization GRANT OPTION GRANT Syntax Grant System Tables Grant Tables Granting the Proxy Privilege GREATEST() GROUP BY Modifiers GROUP BY Optimization group commit Group Commit for Redo Log Flushing Group Membership Group Replication Group Replication Background Group Replication Basics Group Replication Details Group Replication Limitations Group Replication Operations Group Replication Performance Group Replication Plugin Architecture Group Replication Requirements Group Replication Security Group Replication Server Settings Group Replication Server States Group Replication Settings Group Replication System Variables Group Replication Technical Details Group Replication Throttling Group Replication Use Cases GROUP_CONCAT() group_concat_max_len Grouping DML Operations with Transactions GTID Concepts GTID Sets GTID_SUBSET() GTID_SUBTRACT() Guidelines for Using the Mailing Lists HANDLER Syntax Handler_commit Handler_delete Handler_external_lock Handler_mrr_init Handler_prepare Handler_read_first Handler_read_key Handler_read_last Handler_read_next Handler_read_prev Handler_read_rnd Handler_read_rnd_next Handler_rollback Handler_savepoint Handler_savepoint_rollback Handler_update Handler_write Handling an Unexpected Halt of a Replication Slave Handling Deadlocks Handling of Enumeration Literals Handling Too-Long Or Too-Short Transactions hash index Hash Index Characteristics Hash Map Size HASH Partitioning have_compress have_crypt have_dynamic_loading have_geometry have_openssl have_profiling have_query_cache have_rtree_keys have_ssl have_statement_timeout have_symlink HDD heartbeat Help Command Help Options HELP Syntax HEX() Hexadecimal Literals high-water mark history list History of MySQL Hole Punch Size on Linux Hole Punch Size on Windows hole punching Host 'host_name' is blocked host_cache_size hostname hot hot backup Hot Backups HOUR() How are servers in a group connected? How Checkpoint Processing Works How Compression Works for InnoDB Tables How do I recover the relay log for a replication channel used by a group member? How do I set credentials for the recovery procedure? How do I use Group Replication with iptables? How do I use Group Replication with SELinux? How It Works How LDAP Authentication of MySQL Users Works How Logging Occurs How MySQL Deals with Constraints How MySQL Handles a Full Disk How MySQL Opens and Closes Tables How MySQL Partitioning Handles NULL How MySQL Uses Indexes How MySQL Uses Memory How MySQL Uses Threads for Client Connections How Page Compression Works How Pages Relate to Table Rows How Relevancy Ranking is Calculated How Secondary Indexes Relate to the Clustered Index How Servers Evaluate Replication Filtering Rules How Statement Matching Works How the Clustered Index Speeds Up Queries How the Diagnostics Area is Populated How the Diagnostics Area Stack Works How the Query Cache Operates How to Check MyISAM Tables for Errors How to Create FEDERATED Tables How to Determine What Is Causing a Problem How to Enable How to Get MySQL How to Get the Unique ID for the Last Inserted Row How to Minimize and Handle Deadlocks How to Protect or Change the MySQL Unix Socket File How to Repair MyISAM Tables How to Report Bugs or Problems How to Report Replication Bugs or Problems How to Reset the Root Password How to Run MySQL as a Normal User Hybrid Approach I/O-bound ib-file set ib_logfile ibbackup_logfile ibdata file ibtmp file id Identifier Case Sensitivity Identifier Qualifiers Identifying Blocking Transactions Identifying Tables that Use InnoDB Tablespace Encryption Identifying the File Format in Use identity Idle Instrument Components IF Syntax IF() IFNULL() ignore-builtin-innodb IGNORE_AIO_CHECK ignore_db_dirs Ignoring user ilist Implementing Failover with NDB Cluster Replication Implementing Proxy User Support in Authentication Plugins Implicit Account Creation implicit row lock Import Database Sample Important Storage Considerations Improving Replication Performance IN() in-memory database In-Place Downgrade In-Place Upgrade Including Delete-marked Records in Persistent Statistics Calculations Inclusive and Exclusive Logging Increasing the Size of the InnoDB System Tablespace incremental backup INDEX index index cache index condition pushdown Index Condition Pushdown Optimization index hint Index Hints Index Merge Optimization index prefix Index Prefixes Index Preloading Index Probes index statistics Index Values for Enumeration Literals Index-Level Optimizer Hints Indexes Indexes and Foreign Keys Indexes in the MEMORY Storage Engine Indexing a Generated Column to Provide a JSON Column Index INET6_ATON() INET6_NTOA() INET_ATON() INET_NTOA() infimum record Influencing ORDER BY Optimization INFO Events Information Functions INFORMATION_SCHEMA INFORMATION_SCHEMA as Alternative to SHOW Statements INFORMATION_SCHEMA Plugins INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables for NDB Cluster INFORMATION_SCHEMA Usage Notes Infrastructure init_connect Initial Configuration of NDB Cluster Initial Startup of NDB Cluster Initial Startup of NDB Cluster on Windows Initialization Problems Initializing the Data Directory Initializing the Data Directory Manually Using mysql_install_db Initializing the Data Directory Manually Using mysqld innochecksum Options innochecksum — Offline InnoDB File Checksum Utility InnoDB innodb InnoDB and FOREIGN KEY Constraints InnoDB and MyISAM Index Statistics Collection InnoDB and MySQL Replication InnoDB and Online DDL InnoDB and the ACID Model InnoDB API for the InnoDB memcached Plugin InnoDB Architecture InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT Counter Initialization InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT Lock Mode Usage Implications InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT Lock Modes InnoDB Backup InnoDB Backup and Recovery InnoDB Buffer Pool Configuration InnoDB Buffer Pool Configuration Options InnoDB Buffer Pool LRU Algorithm InnoDB Buffer Pool Optimization InnoDB Changes InnoDB Checkpoints InnoDB Cluster InnoDB cluster Requirements InnoDB Cluster Sandbox Test Setup InnoDB Command Options InnoDB Configuration InnoDB Crash Recovery InnoDB Data Dictionary InnoDB Data Storage and Compression InnoDB Details InnoDB Disk I/O InnoDB Disk I/O and File Space Management InnoDB Enhancements and New Features InnoDB Error Handling InnoDB Example InnoDB Examples InnoDB File-Format Management InnoDB File-Per-Table Tablespaces InnoDB Full-Text Index Cache InnoDB Full-Text Index Deletion Handling InnoDB Full-Text Index Design InnoDB Full-Text Index Document ID and FTS_DOC_ID Column InnoDB Full-Text Index Tables InnoDB Full-Text Index Transaction Handling InnoDB FULLTEXT Indexes InnoDB General Tablespaces InnoDB Indexes InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Buffer Pool Tables InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA FULLTEXT Index Tables InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Metrics Table InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA System Tables InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables about Compression InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Temporary Table Information Table InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Transaction and Locking Information InnoDB Integration with MySQL Performance Schema InnoDB Lock and Lock-Wait Information InnoDB Locking InnoDB Locking and Transaction Model InnoDB Log File Configuration InnoDB memcached Architecture InnoDB memcached Binary Log Notes InnoDB memcached Plugin InnoDB memcached Plugin Configuration Tables InnoDB memcached Plugin Internals InnoDB Memory Configuration InnoDB Monitor Types InnoDB Monitors InnoDB Multi-Versioning InnoDB Notes InnoDB Page Compression InnoDB Page Size Configuration InnoDB Persistent Statistics Tables InnoDB Persistent Statistics Tables Example InnoDB Recovery InnoDB Row Storage and Row Formats InnoDB Standard Monitor and Lock Monitor Output InnoDB Startup Configuration InnoDB Startup Options and System Variables InnoDB System Variables InnoDB Table and Page Compression InnoDB Table Compression InnoDB Table Storage Requirements InnoDB Tables InnoDB Tables and .frm Files InnoDB Tables and Indexes InnoDB Tables and Primary Keys InnoDB Tables and Row Formats InnoDB Tablespace Encryption InnoDB Tablespace Encryption and Master Key Rotation InnoDB Tablespace Encryption and Recovery InnoDB Tablespace Encryption and Replication InnoDB Tablespace Encryption Limitations InnoDB Tablespace Encryption Prerequisites InnoDB Tablespace Encryption Usage Notes InnoDB Tablespaces InnoDB Temporary Tablespace Configuration InnoDB Transaction Model InnoDB Troubleshooting InnoDB Undo Tablespace Configuration innodb-status-file innodb_adaptive_flushing innodb_adaptive_flushing_lwm innodb_adaptive_hash_index innodb_adaptive_hash_index_parts innodb_adaptive_max_sleep_delay innodb_additional_mem_pool_size innodb_api_bk_commit_interval innodb_api_disable_rowlock innodb_api_enable_binlog innodb_api_enable_mdl innodb_api_trx_level innodb_autoextend_increment innodb_autoinc_lock_mode Innodb_available_undo_logs innodb_background_drop_list_empty Innodb_buffer_pool_bytes_data Innodb_buffer_pool_bytes_dirty innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown innodb_buffer_pool_dump_now innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct Innodb_buffer_pool_dump_status innodb_buffer_pool_filename innodb_buffer_pool_instances innodb_buffer_pool_load_abort innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup innodb_buffer_pool_load_now Innodb_buffer_pool_load_status Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_data Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_dirty Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_flushed Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_free Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_latched Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_misc Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_total Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_evicted Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_rnd Innodb_buffer_pool_read_requests Innodb_buffer_pool_reads Innodb_buffer_pool_resize_status innodb_buffer_pool_size Innodb_buffer_pool_wait_free Innodb_buffer_pool_write_requests innodb_change_buffer_max_size innodb_change_buffering innodb_change_buffering_debug innodb_checksum_algorithm innodb_checksums INNODB_CMP and INNODB_CMP_RESET innodb_cmp_per_index_enabled INNODB_CMPMEM and INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET innodb_commit_concurrency innodb_compress_debug innodb_compression_failure_threshold_pct innodb_compression_level innodb_compression_pad_pct_max innodb_concurrency_tickets innodb_create_intrinsic innodb_data_file_path Innodb_data_fsyncs innodb_data_home_dir Innodb_data_pending_fsyncs Innodb_data_pending_reads Innodb_data_pending_writes Innodb_data_read Innodb_data_reads Innodb_data_writes Innodb_data_written Innodb_dblwr_pages_written Innodb_dblwr_writes innodb_default_row_format innodb_disable_resize_buffer_pool_debug innodb_disable_sort_file_cache innodb_doublewrite innodb_fast_shutdown innodb_fil_make_page_dirty_debug innodb_file_format innodb_file_format_check innodb_file_format_max innodb_file_per_table innodb_fill_factor innodb_flush_log_at_timeout innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit innodb_flush_method innodb_flush_neighbors innodb_flush_sync innodb_flushing_avg_loops innodb_force_load_corrupted innodb_force_recovery innodb_ft_aux_table innodb_ft_cache_size innodb_ft_enable_diag_print innodb_ft_enable_stopword innodb_ft_max_token_size innodb_ft_min_token_size innodb_ft_num_word_optimize innodb_ft_result_cache_limit innodb_ft_server_stopword_table innodb_ft_sort_pll_degree innodb_ft_total_cache_size innodb_ft_user_stopword_table Innodb_have_atomic_builtins innodb_io_capacity innodb_io_capacity_max innodb_large_prefix innodb_limit_optimistic_insert_debug innodb_lock_wait_timeout innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog innodb_log_buffer_size innodb_log_checksum_algorithm innodb_log_checksums innodb_log_compressed_pages innodb_log_file_size innodb_log_files_in_group innodb_log_group_home_dir Innodb_log_waits innodb_log_write_ahead_size Innodb_log_write_requests Innodb_log_writes innodb_lru_scan_depth innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm innodb_max_purge_lag innodb_max_purge_lag_delay innodb_max_undo_log_size innodb_merge_threshold_set_all_debug innodb_monitor_disable innodb_monitor_enable innodb_monitor_reset innodb_monitor_reset_all Innodb_num_open_files innodb_numa_interleave innodb_old_blocks_pct innodb_old_blocks_time innodb_online_alter_log_max_size innodb_open_files innodb_optimize_fulltext_only innodb_optimize_point_storage Innodb_os_log_fsyncs Innodb_os_log_pending_fsyncs Innodb_os_log_pending_writes Innodb_os_log_written INNODB_PAGE_ATOMIC_REF_COUNT innodb_page_cleaners Innodb_page_size innodb_page_size Innodb_pages_created Innodb_pages_read Innodb_pages_written innodb_print_all_deadlocks innodb_purge_batch_size innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency innodb_purge_threads innodb_random_read_ahead innodb_read_ahead_threshold innodb_read_io_threads innodb_read_only innodb_replication_delay innodb_rollback_on_timeout innodb_rollback_segments Innodb_row_lock_current_waits Innodb_row_lock_time Innodb_row_lock_time_avg Innodb_row_lock_time_max Innodb_row_lock_waits Innodb_rows_deleted Innodb_rows_inserted Innodb_rows_read Innodb_rows_updated innodb_saved_page_number_debug innodb_sort_buffer_size innodb_spin_wait_delay innodb_stats_auto_recalc innodb_stats_include_delete_marked innodb_stats_method innodb_stats_on_metadata innodb_stats_persistent innodb_stats_persistent_sample_pages innodb_stats_sample_pages innodb_stats_transient_sample_pages innodb_status_output innodb_status_output_locks innodb_strict_mode innodb_support_xa innodb_sync_array_size innodb_sync_debug innodb_sync_spin_loops innodb_table_locks innodb_temp_data_file_path innodb_thread_concurrency innodb_thread_sleep_delay innodb_tmpdir Innodb_truncated_status_writes innodb_trx_purge_view_update_only_debug innodb_trx_rseg_n_slots_debug innodb_undo_directory innodb_undo_log_truncate innodb_undo_logs innodb_undo_tablespaces innodb_use_native_aio innodb_use_sys_malloc innodb_version innodb_write_io_threads Input-Line Editing insert INSERT INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE Syntax INSERT ... SELECT Syntax Insert a Complete Record Insert a Partial Record Insert a Record insert buffer insert buffering INSERT DELAYED Syntax insert intention lock Insert Intention Locks Insert Records into Tables INSERT Syntax INSERT() insert_id INSTALL PLUGIN Syntax Install the Distribution INSTALL_BINDIR INSTALL_DOCDIR INSTALL_DOCREADMEDIR INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR INSTALL_INFODIR INSTALL_LAYOUT INSTALL_LIBDIR INSTALL_MANDIR INSTALL_MYSQLKEYRINGDIR INSTALL_MYSQLSHAREDIR INSTALL_MYSQLTESTDIR INSTALL_PKGCONFIGDIR INSTALL_PLUGINDIR INSTALL_SBINDIR INSTALL_SCRIPTDIR INSTALL_SECURE_FILE_PRIV_EMBEDDEDDIR INSTALL_SECURE_FILE_PRIVDIR INSTALL_SHAREDIR INSTALL_SQLBENCHDIR INSTALL_SUPPORTFILESDIR Installation Layout Options Installation Layouts Installation of NDB Cluster 7.5 on Linux Installation Workflow Installing a MySQL Launch Daemon Installing ActiveState Perl on Windows Installing Additional MySQL Products and Components with Yum Installing an NDB Cluster Binary Release on Linux Installing and Configuring the InnoDB memcached Plugin Installing and Uninstalling Plugins Installing and Upgrading MySQL Installing and Using the MySQL Preference Pane Installing InnoDB Cluster Installing LDAP Pluggable Authentication Installing MeCab From a Binary Distribution (Optional) Installing MeCab From Source (Optional) Installing MySQL Installing MySQL Enterprise Firewall Installing MySQL from Source Installing MySQL on FreeBSD Installing MySQL on Linux Installing MySQL on Linux from the Native Software Repositories Installing MySQL on Linux Using Debian Packages from Oracle Installing MySQL on Linux Using RPM Packages from Oracle Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL APT Repository Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL SLES Repository Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL Yum Repository Installing MySQL on Linux with Docker Installing MySQL on Linux with Juju Installing MySQL on Microsoft Windows Installing MySQL on Microsoft Windows Using a noinstall Zip Archive Installing MySQL on OS X Installing MySQL on OS X Using Native Packages Installing MySQL on Solaris Installing MySQL on Solaris Using a Solaris PKG Installing MySQL on Unix/Linux Using Generic Binaries Installing MySQL Shell Installing MySQL Shell Binaries Installing MySQL Shell from Direct Downloads from the MySQL Developer Zone Installing MySQL Shell on Linux Installing MySQL Shell on Microsoft Windows Installing MySQL Shell on OS X Installing MySQL Shell with the MySQL APT Repository Installing MySQL Shell with the MySQL Yum Repository Installing MySQL Using a Development Source Tree Installing MySQL Using a Standard Source Distribution Installing MySQL Using Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN) Installing MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository Installing Native Pluggable Authentication Installing NDB Cluster from RPM Installing NDB Cluster on Windows Installing NDB Cluster on Windows from a Binary Release Installing NDB Cluster Processes as Windows Services Installing NDB Cluster Using .deb Files Installing No-Login Pluggable Authentication Installing Old Native Pluggable Authentication Installing or Uninstalling General-Purpose Keyring Functions Installing or Uninstalling MySQL Enterprise Audit Installing or Uninstalling MySQL Enterprise Firewall Installing or uninstalling the Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin Installing or Uninstalling the UDF Locking Interface Installing or Uninstalling Version Tokens Installing PAM Pluggable Authentication Installing Perl on Unix Installing Plugins Installing SHA-256 Pluggable Authentication Installing Socket Pluggable Authentication Installing Test Pluggable Authentication Installing the MeCab Parser Plugin Installing the service Installing Windows Pluggable Authentication instance INSTR() instrumentation Integer Types (Exact Value) - INTEGER, INT, SMALLINT, TINYINT, MEDIUMINT, BIGINT intention exclusive lock intention lock Intention Locks intention shared lock Interaction of Table Locking and Transactions Interactive Code Execution interactive_timeout Internal Details Internal Geometry Storage Format Internal Locking Methods Internal Temporary Table Use in MySQL internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine Internals and Portability Internationalization Options INTERVAL() Introducing InnoDB Cluster Introduction Introduction to InnoDB inverted index Invocation Syntax Invoking MySQL Programs IOPS IP Address Whitelisting IPv6 Support IS IS NOT IS NOT NULL IS NULL IS NULL Optimization IS_FREE_LOCK() IS_IPV4() IS_IPV4_COMPAT() IS_IPV4_MAPPED() IS_IPV6() IS_USED_LOCK() ISNULL() Isolation isolation level Issues Exclusive to NDB Cluster ITERATE Syntax join Join Buffer Management for Block Nested-Loop and Batched Key Access Algorithms JOIN Syntax join_buffer_size Joins JSON columns and indirect indexing in NDB Cluster JSON Documents and Collections JSON Format Output JSON Function Reference JSON Functions JSON Path Syntax JSON Storage Requirements keep_files_on_create Keeping Passwords Secure key Key Advantages of InnoDB Key Cache Block Size Key Concepts Key Distribution Analysis KEY Partitioning KEY_BLOCK_SIZE Key_blocks_not_flushed Key_blocks_unused Key_blocks_used key_buffer_size key_cache_age_threshold key_cache_block_size key_cache_division_limit key_len Key_read_requests Key_reads Key_write_requests Key_writes Keycache Probes Keyring Plugin Installation Keyring Plugins Keyring System Variables keyring_aws Configuration keyring_aws Credential Changes keyring_aws Operation Keywords and Reserved Words KILL Syntax Known Issues in MySQL Known Issues in NDB Cluster Replication Known Limitations Known Limitations of NDB Cluster Language Structure large_files_support large_page_size LAST_DAY last_insert_id LAST_INSERT_ID() Last_query_cost Last_query_partial_plans latch Launching Group Replication lc_time_names LCASE() LDAP Authentication with Proxying LDAP Authentication without Proxy Users LDAP Pluggable Authentication LDML Syntax Supported in MySQL LEAST() LEAVE Syntax Left Join and Right Join Optimization LEFT() Legacy Mode Audit Log Filtering Legal Notices LENGTH() libmysqld, the Embedded MySQL Server Library license LIKE Limit CPU usage by key-generation operations LIMIT Query Optimization Limit, Order, and Offset Results Limit, Sort, and Skip Results Limitations and Usage Notes Limitations of NDB Cluster online operations Limitations Relating to Multiple NDB Cluster Nodes Limitations Relating to NDB Cluster Disk Data Storage Limitations Relating to Performance in NDB Cluster Limiting Memory Use for Range Optimization Limits and Differences of NDB Cluster from Standard MySQL Limits Limits Associated with Database Objects in NDB Cluster Limits Imposed by .frm File Structure Limits in MySQL Limits on InnoDB Tables Limits on Joins Limits on Number of Databases and Tables Limits on Table Column Count and Row Size Limits on Table Size Limits Relating to Transaction Handling in NDB Cluster LINEAR HASH Partitioning LineString and MultiLineString Property Functions LineString Class list List Collections LIST COLUMNS partitioning LIST Partitioning Literal Values LN() LOAD DATA INFILE Syntax LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE Syntax LOAD XML Syntax LOAD_FILE() Loading Data Loading Data into a Table Loading Help Table Content With Replication to Slaves Loading Help Table Content Without Replication to Slaves Local Variable DECLARE Syntax Local Variable Scope and Resolution Local Versus Remote Backups local_infile Localization LOCALTIME(), LOCALTIME LOCALTIMESTAMP, LOCALTIMESTAMP() LOCATE() Locating Products to Install lock lock escalation lock mode Lock Probes LOCK TABLES LOCK TABLES and Triggers LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES Syntax lock_wait_timeout Locked_connects locked_in_memory locking Locking and Concurrency Control Locking and Transactions Locking Options for Online DDL locking read Locking Read Examples Locking Reads Locking Service Monitoring Locking Service UDF Interface Reference Locks Set by Different SQL Statements in InnoDB log log buffer log file Log File on Unix-based Systems Log File on Windows log group Log System Tables LOG() LOG10() LOG2() log_backward_compatible_user_definitions log_builtin_as_identified_by_password log_error_verbosity log_slow_admin_statements log_syslog log_syslog_facility log_syslog_include_pid log_syslog_tag log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes log_timestamps Logging All Events Logging Changes Logging Format for Changes to mysql Database Tables Logging Full or Partial Rows (--ndb-log-updated-only Option) Logging Specific Event Classes Logging Specific Event Subclasses logical logical backup Logical Backups Using mysqldump Logical Downgrade Logical Operators Logical Upgrade long_query_time LOOP Syntax Loose Index Scan loose_ Lost connection to MySQL server low-water mark LOWER() lower_case_file_system lower_case_table_names LPAD() LRU LSN LTRIM() lz4_decompress — Decompress mysqlpump LZ4-Compressed Output Main Clauses Maintaining CREATE TABLE Statements Maintenance of Partitions MAKE_SET() MAKEDATE() MAKETIME() Making a Copy of a Database Making a Hot Backup with MySQL Enterprise Backup Making a Test Case If You Experience Table Corruption Making Backups by Copying Table Files Making Backups Using a File System Snapshot Making Backups Using Replication Slaves Making Backups with mysqldump Making Changes to the Cost Model Database Making Delimited-Text File Backups Making Incremental Backups by Enabling the Binary Log Making MySQL Secure Against Attackers Making the Buffer Pool Scan Resistant Management of HASH and KEY Partitions Management of NDB Cluster Management of RANGE and LIST Partitions Managing Memory Use Managing MySQL Server with systemd Managing Sandbox Instances Manual SSL and RSA File Generation Using mysql_ssl_rsa_setup Mapping of Identifiers to File Names master server master thread MASTER_POS_WAIT() MASTER_POS_WAIT() Syntax Mathematical Functions MAX() max_allowed_packet max_connect_errors max_connections max_delayed_threads max_digest_length max_error_count max_execution_time Max_execution_time_exceeded Max_execution_time_set Max_execution_time_set_failed max_heap_table_size MAX_INDEXES max_insert_delayed_threads max_join_size max_length_for_sort_data max_points_in_geometry max_prepared_stmt_count max_relay_log_size max_seeks_for_key max_sort_length max_sp_recursion_depth max_statement_time Max_statement_time_exceeded Max_statement_time_set Max_statement_time_set_failed max_tmp_tables Max_used_connections Max_used_connections_time max_user_connections max_write_lock_count Maximum of Column per Group Maximums and Minimums MD5() MDL Measuring Performance (Benchmarking) Measuring Performance with performance_schema Measuring the Effect of MERGE_THRESHOLD Settings Measuring the Speed of Expressions and Functions MeCab Full-Text Parser Plugin MeCab Parser Phrase Search MeCab Parser Space Handling MeCab Parser Stopword Handling MeCab Parser Term Search MeCab Parser Wildcard Search mecab_charset mecab_rc_file memcached Memory Allocation Memory Instrument Components Memory Instrumentation Behavior Memory Summaries Memory Summary Tables MEMORY Tables and Replication merge MERGE Table Advantages and Disadvantages MERGE Table Problems Merging JSON Values Message Compression metadata lock Metadata Locking metadata_locks_cache_size metadata_locks_hash_instances Methods of Installing metrics counter MICROSECOND() MID() midpoint insertion strategy Midpoint Insertion Strategy Migrating Away from Pre-4.1 Password Hashing and the mysql_old_password Plugin Migrating from mysqld_safe to systemd Migrating from YEAR(2) to YEAR(4) Migrating to Performance Schema System and Status Variable Tables MIN() mini-transaction MINUTE() Miscellaneous Functions Miscellaneous Programs Miscellaneous System Tables Mixed Binary Logging Format mixed-mode insert MOD() Modifiers Modify Documents Modifying Boolean Full-Text Search Operators Modifying Column Properties Modifying the File Format Monitored Remote Computer (Computer B) Monitoring ALTER TABLE Progress for InnoDB Tables Using Performance Schema Monitoring Buffer Pool Load Progress Using Performance Schema Monitoring Channels Using Performance Schema Tables Monitoring Group Replication Monitoring InnoDB Full-Text Indexes Monitoring InnoDB Mutex Waits Using Performance Schema Monitoring InnoDB Table Compression at Runtime Monitoring MySQL Memory Usage Monitoring Online Buffer Pool Resizing Progress Monitoring the Buffer Pool Using the InnoDB Standard Monitor Monitoring the Change Buffer Monitoring X Plugin MONTH() MONTHNAME() Moving Non-Partitioned Tables Between Tablespaces Using ALTER TABLE Moving or Copying InnoDB Tables Moving Table Partitions Between Tablespaces Using ALTER TABLE mtr Multi-Byte Character Support for Complex Character Sets multi-core Multi-Primary Mode Multi-Range Read Optimization Multi-Source Replication Error Messages Multi-Source Replication Monitoring Multi-Source Replication Tutorials Multi-Table Deletes Multi-Versioning and Secondary Indexes multi_range_count MultiCurve Class MultiLineString Class Multiple Key Caches Multiple Value Column Mapping Multiple-Column Indexes Multiple-line Support Multiple-Table Syntax MultiPoint Class MultiPolygon Class MultiSurface Class multiversion concurrency control mutex MUTEX_TYPE MVCC my.cnf my.ini my_init() my_print_defaults — Display Options from Option Files MyISAM Details MyISAM Notes MyISAM Startup Options MyISAM Table Maintenance and Crash Recovery MyISAM Table Optimization MyISAM Table Problems MyISAM Table Storage Formats MyISAM Tables myisam_data_pointer_size myisam_ftdump — Display Full-Text Index information myisam_max_sort_file_size myisam_mmap_size myisam_recover_options myisam_repair_threads myisam_sort_buffer_size myisam_stats_method myisam_use_mmap myisamchk Check Options myisamchk General Options myisamchk Memory Usage myisamchk Repair Options myisamchk — MyISAM Table-Maintenance Utility myisamlog — Display MyISAM Log File Contents myisampack — Generate Compressed, Read-Only MyISAM Tables mysql MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Connectors & APIs MySQL 5.7 FAQ: General MySQL 5.7 FAQ: INFORMATION_SCHEMA MySQL 5.7 FAQ: InnoDB Change Buffer MySQL 5.7 FAQ: InnoDB Tablespace Encryption MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Migration MySQL 5.7 FAQ: MySQL Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Character Sets MySQL 5.7 FAQ: MySQL Enterprise Thread Pool MySQL 5.7 FAQ: NDB Cluster MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Replication MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Security MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Server SQL Mode MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Storage Engines MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Stored Procedures and Functions MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Triggers MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Views MySQL 5.7 FAQ: Virtualization Support MySQL 5.7 Reference Manual MySQL 5.7 Supported Storage Engines MySQL Administrative and Utility Programs MySQL and Standard SQL Versions of GRANT MySQL Applications, Connectors, and Documentation MySQL C API MySQL C API Implementations MySQL Client Programs mysql Commands MySQL Community Support at the MySQL Forums MySQL Community Support on Internet Relay Chat (IRC) MySQL Configuration and Third-Party Tools MySQL Connector/C MySQL Connector/C++ MySQL Connector/J MySQL Connector/Net MySQL Connector/ODBC MySQL Connector/Python MySQL Connectors MySQL Differences from Standard SQL MySQL Eiffel Wrapper MySQL Enterprise MySQL Enterprise Audit MySQL Enterprise Audit Overview MySQL Enterprise Audit Security Considerations MySQL Enterprise Backup MySQL Enterprise Backup Overview MySQL Enterprise Edition MySQL Enterprise Encryption Functions MySQL Enterprise Encryption Overview MySQL Enterprise Firewall MySQL Enterprise Firewall Components MySQL Enterprise Firewall Overview MySQL Enterprise Firewall Procedures and Functions MySQL Enterprise Firewall Reference MySQL Enterprise Firewall Status Variables MySQL Enterprise Firewall System Variables MySQL Enterprise Firewall Tables MySQL Enterprise Monitor Overview MySQL Enterprise Security Overview MySQL Enterprise Thread Pool MySQL Enterprise Thread Pool Overview MySQL Extensions to Standard SQL MySQL GIS Conformance and Compatibility MySQL Handling of GROUP BY MySQL Information Sources MySQL Installation Layout on Microsoft Windows MySQL Installation-Related Programs MySQL Installer Commercial Edition MySQL Installer Community Edition MySQL Installer Configuration Files MySQL Installer Dashboard MySQL Installer for Windows MySQL Installer Initial Setup MySQL Installer Licensing and Support Authentication MySQL Installer Method MySQL Installer Product Catalog and Dashboard MySQL Internals MySQL Layout for Source Installation mysql Logging MySQL Mailing Lists MySQL Multi-Source Replication MySQL Multi-Source Replication Overview MySQL NDB Cluster 7.5 and NDB Cluster 7.6 MySQL Notifier MySQL Notifier Usage mysql Options MySQL Performance Schema MySQL Perl API MySQL PHP API MySQL Program Development Utilities MySQL Program Environment Variables MySQL Programs MySQL Python API MySQL Router and Metadata Servers MySQL Router Configuration MySQL Ruby APIs MySQL Server Administration MySQL Server and Server-Startup Programs MySQL server has gone away MySQL Server Locale Support MySQL Server Logs MySQL Server Options and Variables for NDB Cluster MySQL Server Options for NDB Cluster MySQL Server Plugins MySQL Server Time Zone Support MySQL Server Usage for NDB Cluster MySQL Server Using InnoDB Compared with NDB Cluster mysql Server-Side Help MySQL Services for Plugins MySQL Shell MySQL Shell Application Log MySQL Shell Code Execution MySQL Shell Commands MySQL Shell Connections MySQL Shell Features MySQL Shell Global Variables MySQL Shell Log File Location MySQL Shell Sessions MySQL Shell Sessions Explained MySQL Shell User Guide MySQL Source-Configuration Options MySQL Standards Compliance MySQL sys Schema MySQL Tcl API MySQL Threads mysql Tips MySQL User Account Management MySQL Web Sites MySQL Workbench mysql — The MySQL Command-Line Tool MySQL-Specific Functions That Create Geometry Values mysql.gtid_executed Table mysql.gtid_executed Table Compression mysql.server — MySQL Server Startup Script mysql_affected_rows() mysql_autocommit() mysql_change_user() mysql_character_set_name() mysql_client_find_plugin() mysql_client_register_plugin() mysql_close() mysql_commit() mysql_config — Display Options for Compiling Clients mysql_config_editor Commands and Command-Specific Options mysql_config_editor General Options mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility mysql_connect() mysql_create_db() mysql_data_seek() MYSQL_DATADIR mysql_debug() mysql_drop_db() mysql_dump_debug_info() mysql_eof() mysql_errno() mysql_error() mysql_escape_string() mysql_fetch_field() mysql_fetch_field_direct() mysql_fetch_fields() mysql_fetch_lengths() mysql_fetch_row() mysql_field_count() mysql_field_seek() mysql_field_tell() mysql_free_result() mysql_get_character_set_info() mysql_get_client_info() mysql_get_client_version() mysql_get_host_info() mysql_get_option() mysql_get_proto_info() mysql_get_server_info() mysql_get_server_version() mysql_get_ssl_cipher() mysql_hex_string() mysql_info() mysql_init() mysql_insert_id() mysql_install_db — Initialize MySQL Data Directory mysql_kill() mysql_library_end() mysql_library_init() mysql_list_dbs() mysql_list_fields() mysql_list_processes() mysql_list_tables() mysql_load_plugin() mysql_load_plugin_v() MYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE mysql_more_results() mysql_native_password_proxy_users mysql_next_result() mysql_num_fields() mysql_num_rows() mysql_options() mysql_options4() mysql_ping() mysql_plugin — Configure MySQL Server Plugins mysql_plugin_options() MYSQL_PROJECT_NAME mysql_query() mysql_real_connect() mysql_real_escape_string() mysql_real_escape_string_quote() mysql_real_query() mysql_refresh() mysql_reload() mysql_reset_connection() mysql_rollback() mysql_row_seek() mysql_row_tell() mysql_secure_installation — Improve MySQL Installation Security mysql_select_db() mysql_server_end() mysql_server_init() mysql_session_track_get_first() mysql_session_track_get_next() mysql_set_character_set() mysql_set_local_infile_default() mysql_set_local_infile_handler() mysql_set_server_option() mysql_shutdown() mysql_sqlstate() mysql_ssl_rsa_setup — Create SSL/RSA Files mysql_ssl_set() mysql_stat() mysql_stmt_affected_rows() mysql_stmt_attr_get() mysql_stmt_attr_set() mysql_stmt_bind_param() mysql_stmt_bind_result() mysql_stmt_close() mysql_stmt_data_seek() mysql_stmt_errno() mysql_stmt_error() mysql_stmt_execute() mysql_stmt_fetch() mysql_stmt_fetch_column() mysql_stmt_field_count() mysql_stmt_free_result() mysql_stmt_init() mysql_stmt_insert_id() mysql_stmt_next_result() mysql_stmt_num_rows() mysql_stmt_param_count() mysql_stmt_param_metadata() mysql_stmt_prepare() mysql_stmt_reset() mysql_stmt_result_metadata() mysql_stmt_row_seek() mysql_stmt_row_tell() mysql_stmt_send_long_data() mysql_stmt_sqlstate() mysql_stmt_store_result() mysql_store_result() MYSQL_TCP_PORT mysql_thread_end() mysql_thread_id() mysql_thread_init() mysql_thread_safe() mysql_tzinfo_to_sql — Load the Time Zone Tables MYSQL_UNIX_ADDR mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables mysql_use_result() mysql_warning_count() mysqladmin — Client for Administering a MySQL Server mysqlbackup command mysqlbinlog Hex Dump Format mysqlbinlog Row Event Display mysqlbinlog — Utility for Processing Binary Log Files mysqlcheck — A Table Maintenance Program mysqld mysqld DTrace Probe Reference mysqld — The MySQL Server mysqld_multi — Manage Multiple MySQL Servers mysqld_safe — MySQL Server Startup Script mysqldump mysqldump Tips mysqldump — A Database Backup Program mysqldumpslow — Summarize Slow Query Log Files mysqlimport — A Data Import Program MySQLInstallerConsole Reference mysqlpump Invocation Syntax mysqlpump Object Selection mysqlpump Option Descriptions mysqlpump Option Summary mysqlpump Parallel Processing mysqlpump Restrictions mysqlpump — A Database Backup Program mysqlsh — The MySQL Shell mysqlshow — Display Database, Table, and Column Information mysqlslap — Load Emulation Client MYSQLX_TCP_PORT MYSQLX_UNIX_ADDR mysqlxsys@localhost User Account Name Conflicts within Stored Routines NAME_CONST() named_pipe Naming Instruments or Consumers for Filtering Operations National Language Characteristics Native Pluggable Authentication natural key Natural Language Full-Text Searches NDB and InnoDB Feature Usage Summary NDB and InnoDB Workloads NDB API Statistics Counters and Variables NDB Cluster and MySQL Privileges NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Define Attributes Screen NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Define Cluster Screen NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Define Hosts Screen NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Define Processes Screen NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Deploy Cluster Screen NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Overview NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Requirements NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Welcome Screen NDB Cluster Backup Concepts NDB Cluster Backup Troubleshooting NDB Cluster Backups With NDB Cluster Replication NDB Cluster Configuration Files NDB Cluster Configuration: Basic Example NDB Cluster Connection Strings NDB Cluster Core Concepts NDB Cluster Data Node Configuration Parameters NDB Cluster Disk Data Objects NDB Cluster Disk Data Storage Requirements NDB Cluster Disk Data Tables NDB Cluster Error Handling NDB Cluster Example with Tables and Data NDB Cluster Hardware, Software, and Networking Requirements NDB Cluster Installation NDB Cluster Log Events NDB Cluster Log Messages NDB Cluster Log Startup Messages NDB Cluster Logging Management Commands NDB Cluster Management Node Configuration Parameters NDB Cluster mysqld Option and Variable Reference NDB Cluster Nodes, Node Groups, Replicas, and Partitions NDB Cluster Overview NDB Cluster Programs NDB Cluster Realtime Performance Parameters NDB Cluster Release Notes NDB Cluster Replication NDB Cluster Replication Conflict Resolution NDB Cluster Replication Schema and Tables NDB Cluster Replication: Abbreviations and Symbols NDB Cluster Replication: Automating Synchronization of the Replication Slave to the Master Binary Log NDB Cluster Replication: Multi-Master and Circular Replication NDB Cluster Security and Networking Issues NDB Cluster Security Issues NDB Cluster Shared-Memory Connections NDB Cluster Single User Mode NDB Cluster SQL Node and API Node Configuration Parameters NDB Cluster Status Variables NDB Cluster System Variables NDB Cluster TCP/IP Connections NDB Cluster TCP/IP Connections Using Direct Connections NDB Cluster Thread States NDB Cluster: Messages in the Cluster Log NDB Cluster: NDB Transporter Errors NDB Example NDB Notes NDB Table Storage Requirements ndb_blob_tool — Check and Repair BLOB and TEXT columns of NDB Cluster Tables ndb_config — Extract NDB Cluster Configuration Information ndb_cpcd — Automate Testing for NDB Development ndb_delete_all — Delete All Rows from an NDB Table ndb_desc — Describe NDB Tables ndb_drop_index — Drop Index from an NDB Table ndb_drop_table — Drop an NDB Table ndb_error_reporter — NDB Error-Reporting Utility ndb_import — Import CSV Data Into NDB ndb_index_stat — NDB Index Statistics Utility ndb_mgm — The NDB Cluster Management Client ndb_mgmd — The NDB Cluster Management Server Daemon ndb_move_data — NDB Data Copy Utility ndb_perror — Obtain NDB error message information ndb_print_backup_file — Print NDB Backup File Contents ndb_print_file — Print NDB Disk Data File Contents ndb_print_frag_file — Print NDB Fragment List File Contents ndb_print_schema_file — Print NDB Schema File Contents ndb_print_sys_file — Print NDB System File Contents ndb_redo_log_reader — Check and Print Content of Cluster Redo Log ndb_restore — Restore an NDB Cluster Backup ndb_select_all — Print Rows from an NDB Table ndb_select_count — Print Row Counts for NDB Tables ndb_setup.py — Start browser-based Auto-Installer for NDB Cluster ndb_show_tables — Display List of NDB Tables ndb_size.pl — NDBCLUSTER Size Requirement Estimator ndb_top — View CPU usage information for NDB threads ndb_waiter — Wait for NDB Cluster to Reach a Given Status ndbd — The NDB Cluster Data Node Daemon ndbinfo: The NDB Cluster Information Database ndbinfo_select_all — Select From ndbinfo Tables ndbmtd — The NDB Cluster Data Node Daemon (Multi-Threaded) neighbor page Nested Join Optimization Nested-Loop Join Algorithm Nested-Loop Join Algorithms net_buffer_length net_read_timeout net_retry_count net_write_timeout Network Partitioning Network Probes new next-key lock Next-Key Locks ngram Full-Text Parser ngram Parser Phrase Search ngram Parser Space Handling ngram Parser Stopword Handling ngram Parser Term Search ngram Parser Wildcard Search ngram_token_size No Instrumentation No-Login Pluggable Authentication NODERESTART Events non-blocking I/O non-locking read non-repeatable read Noncompliance with SQL Syntax in NDB Cluster Nonmatching Rows Normalization Normalization, Merging, and Autowrapping of JSON Values normalized NoSQL NOT BETWEEN ... AND ... NOT IN() NOT LIKE NOT NULL constraint NOT REGEXP NOT, ! Not_flushed_delayed_rows Notes NOW() NULL NULL Values NULLIF() Number of Attempts Numeric Functions and Operators Numeric Literals Numeric Type Attributes Numeric Type Overview Numeric Type Storage Requirements Numeric Types Object Information System Tables Object Quoting Guidelines Object Wait Summaries Object Wait Summary Table Observability Obtain and Unpack the Distribution Obtaining an IPv6 Address from a Broker Obtaining Execution Plan Information Obtaining Execution Plan Information for a Named Connection Obtaining Information About Partitions Obtaining Server Plugin Information Obtaining Standard InnoDB Monitor Output On Demand Obtaining Table Information with myisamchk Obtaining Table Structure Information Obtaining the cluster Instance Variable Obtaining the Replication Master Binary Log Coordinates OCT() OCTET_LENGTH() ODBC_INCLUDES ODBC_LIB_DIR off-page column offline_mode old Old Native Pluggable Authentication OLD_PASSWORD() old_passwords OLTP Ongoing_anonymous_gtid_violating_transaction_count Ongoing_anonymous_transaction_count Ongoing_automatic_gtid_violating_transaction_count online Online Backup of NDB Cluster Online Buffer Pool Resizing Internals online DDL Online DDL and Crash Recovery Online DDL for Partitioned Tables Online DDL Implementation Details Online DDL Limitations Online DDL Overview Online DDL Performance, Concurrency, and Space Requirements Online DDL SQL Syntax Online Versus Offline Backups Open_files Open_streams Open_table_definitions Open_tables Opened_files Opened_table_definitions Opened_tables Opening a Code Editor OpenSSL Versus yaSSL Operator Precedence Operators optimistic Optimization Optimization and Indexes Optimization Overview Optimization Using filesort OPTIMIZE TABLE Output OPTIMIZE TABLE Syntax optimizer Optimizer Hint Overview Optimizer Hint Syntax Optimizer Hints Optimizer Hints for Block Nested-Loop and Batched Key Access Algorithms Optimizer Hints for Naming Query Blocks Optimizer Statistics Updates Optimizer System Tables Optimizer Use of Generated Column Indexes Optimizer-Related Issues optimizer_prune_level optimizer_search_depth optimizer_switch optimizer_trace OPTIMIZER_TRACE optimizer_trace_features optimizer_trace_limit optimizer_trace_max_mem_size optimizer_trace_offset Optimizing at the Database Level Optimizing at the Hardware Level Optimizing Data Change Statements Optimizing Data Size Optimizing Database Privileges Optimizing Database Structure Optimizing DELETE Statements Optimizing Derived Tables and View References Optimizing Disk I/O Optimizing for BLOB Types Optimizing for Character and String Types Optimizing for InnoDB Tables Optimizing for Many Tables Optimizing for MEMORY Tables Optimizing for MyISAM Tables Optimizing for Numeric Data Optimizing INFORMATION_SCHEMA Queries Optimizing InnoDB Configuration Variables Optimizing InnoDB DDL Operations Optimizing InnoDB Disk I/O Optimizing InnoDB for Systems with Many Tables Optimizing InnoDB Full-Text Indexes Optimizing InnoDB Queries Optimizing InnoDB Read-Only Transactions Optimizing InnoDB Redo Logging Optimizing InnoDB Transaction Management Optimizing INSERT Statements Optimizing Locking Operations Optimizing Memory Use Optimizing MyISAM Queries Optimizing MySQL Data Types Optimizing Network Use Optimizing Queries with EXPLAIN Optimizing REPAIR TABLE Statements Optimizing SELECT Statements Optimizing Spatial Analysis Optimizing SQL Statements Optimizing Storage Layout for InnoDB Tables Optimizing Subqueries Optimizing Subqueries with Materialization Optimizing Subqueries with the EXISTS Strategy Optimizing Subqueries, Derived Tables, and View References Optimizing Subqueries, Derived Tables, and View References with Semi-Join Transformations Optimizing the MySQL Server Optimizing UPDATE Statements option Option Defaults, Options Expecting Values, and the = Sign option file Option Groups Option Syntax - Alphabetical Summary Option-File Options Options Options Common to NDB Cluster Programs — Options Common to NDB Cluster Programs Options for Logging Slave Status to Tables Options with the Embedded Server ORD() ORDER BY Execution Plan Information Available ORDER BY Optimization Order of Deletion Orphan Intermediate Tables Orphan Temporary Tables Other Account Characteristics Other Administrative Statements Other Considerations Other Considerations When using ROLLUP Other myisamchk Options Other NDB Cluster Configuration Parameters Other Optimization Tips Other statements Other Storage Engines Out of memory Out-of-Range and Overflow Handling Outer Join Simplification Output File Naming Output Formats overflow page Overriding the Default Prompt Overview of InnoDB Row Storage Overview of MySQL Programs Overview of MySQL Storage Engine Architecture Overview of NDB Cluster Configuration Parameters, Options, and Variables Overview of Partitioning in MySQL Overview of Plugin Writing Overview of show_compatibility_56 Effects Overview of systemd Overview of Table Compression Overview of the MySQL Database Management System Packages that support MySQL Packet Too Large page page cleaner Page Compression Limitations and Usage Notes Page Compression Metadata page size Pages, Extents, Segments, and Tablespaces PAM Pluggable Authentication PAM Pluggable Authentication Debugging Parameters parent table parser_max_mem_size partial backup partial index Partition Management Partition Pruning Partition Selection Partitioned Tables Partitioning Partitioning and Locking Partitioning Keys, Primary Keys, and Unique Keys Partitioning Limitations Relating to Functions Partitioning Limitations Relating to Storage Engines Partitioning Options Partitioning Types partitions Password Expiration and Sandbox Mode Password Expiration Policy Password Fails When Entered Interactively Password Hashing in MySQL Password Validation Plugin Installation Password Validation Plugin Options and Variables PASSWORD() Password-Protecting memcached Using SASL Password-Validation Plugins Passwords and Logging Path Conflicts Pattern Matching Pausing Replication on the Slave Perform Postinstallation Setup Perform Preconfiguration Setup Performance Performance and Scalability Considerations Performance and Storage Considerations Performance Characteristics Performance Considerations Performance Considerations Favoring InnoDB Performance Impact of Truncating Undo Tablespace Files Online Performance of In-Place versus Table-Copying DDL Operations Performance Options Performance Schema Performance Schema and Plugins Performance Schema Atom and Molecule Events Performance Schema Build Configuration Performance Schema Command Options Performance Schema Connection Attribute Tables Performance Schema Connection Tables Performance Schema Event Filtering Performance Schema Event Timing Performance Schema General Table Characteristics Performance Schema Instance Tables Performance Schema Instrument Naming Conventions Performance Schema Lock Tables Performance Schema Miscellaneous Tables Performance Schema Option and Variable Reference Performance Schema Queries Performance Schema Quick Start Performance Schema Replication Tables Performance Schema Runtime Configuration Performance Schema Setup Tables Performance Schema Stage Event Tables Performance Schema Startup Configuration Performance Schema Statement Digests Performance Schema Statement Event Tables Performance Schema Status Monitoring Performance Schema Status Variable Tables Performance Schema Status Variables Performance Schema Summary Tables Performance Schema System Variable Tables Performance Schema System Variables Performance Schema Table Descriptions Performance Schema Table Index Performance Schema Timer Representation in Events Performance Schema Timers Performance Schema Transaction Tables Performance Schema User Variable Tables Performance Schema Wait Event Tables Performing a Rolling Restart of an NDB Cluster Performing DML and DDL Statements on the Underlying InnoDB Table PERIOD_ADD() PERIOD_DIFF() Perl Installation Notes perror — Explain Error Codes Persistence and Consistency of InnoDB Transaction and Locking Information persistent statistics pessimistic phantom Phantom Rows Phase 1 Phase 2 physical Physical (Raw) Versus Logical Backups physical backup Physical Characteristics of MEMORY Tables PI() PITR plan stability Planning the Storage Layout Pluggable Authentication Pluggable Authentication and Third-Party Connectors Pluggable Authentication System Variables Pluggable Storage Engine Architecture Plugin and User-Defined Function Statements Plugin API Characteristics Plugin API Components Plugin Data Structures Plugin-Specific Keyring Key-Management Functions plugin_dir Plugins and Extensions Point Class Point Property Functions Point-in-Time (Incremental) Recovery Using the Binary Log point-in-time recovery Point-in-Time Recovery Point-in-Time Recovery Using Event Positions Point-in-Time Recovery Using Event Times Point-In-Time Recovery Using NDB Cluster Replication Polygon and MultiPolygon Property Functions Polygon Class Populating Spatial Columns Populating the Time Zone Tables POSITION() possible_keys Postinstallation Setup and Testing Potential Disadvantages of File-Per-Table Tablespaces POW() POWER() Pre-Filtering by Consumer Pre-Filtering by Instrument Pre-Filtering by Object Pre-Filtering by Thread Precision Math Precision Math Examples Predicate Locks for Spatial Indexes Preface and Legal Notices prefix preload_buffer_size PREPARE Syntax PREPARE, EXECUTE, and DEALLOCATE PREPARE Statements prepared backup Prepared SQL Statement Syntax Prepared Statement Logging Prepared Statements in Application Programs Prepared Statements in SQL Scripts Prepared_stmt_count Preparing the NDB Cluster for Replication Preproduction Status — Legal Notice Prerequisites Prerequisites for Installing from Development Source Prerequisites for LDAP Pluggable Authentication Prerequisites for Using the sys Schema primary key PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE Index Constraints Primary Keys and Indexes Primary-Secondary Replication Privileges Privileges Provided by MySQL Privileges Supported by MySQL Probes and Statistics Problems and Common Errors Problems from Tables Not Being Closed Properly Problems Running mysql_install_db Problems Using DATE Columns Problems Using the Perl DBI/DBD Interface Problems with ALTER TABLE Problems with Column Aliases Problems with File Permissions Problems with Floating-Point Values Problems with NULL Values PROCESS process Product Catalog profiling profiling_history_size Program Option Modifiers Project Results Protocol Trace Plugins protocol_version PROXY Proxy User Privileges Proxy User System Variables Proxy Users proxy_user pseudo-record pseudo_slave_mode pseudo_thread_id Pthreads purge PURGE BINARY LOGS Syntax purge buffering purge lag purge thread Qcache_free_blocks Qcache_free_memory Qcache_hits Qcache_inserts Qcache_lowmem_prunes Qcache_not_cached Qcache_queries_in_cache Qcache_total_blocks QUARTER() Queries query Query Cache Configuration Query Cache Probes Query Cache SELECT Options Query Cache Status and Maintenance Query Cache Thread States query execution plan Query Execution Probes query log Query Parsing Probes Query Probes Query Profiling Using Performance Schema Query Rewrite Plugins Query-Related Issues query_alloc_block_size query_cache_limit query_cache_min_res_unit query_cache_size query_cache_type query_cache_wlock_invalidate query_prealloc_size Querying the MERGE_THRESHOLD Value for an Index Questions Quick Reference: NDB Cluster SQL Statements Quick Test Setup of NDB Cluster Quick-Start Guide: MySQL for Visual Studio Quick-Start Guide: MySQL Shell for JavaScript Quick-Start Guide: MySQL Shell for Python quiesce Quit MySQL Shell QUOTE() R-tree RADIANS() RAID RAND() rand_seed1 rand_seed2 random dive RANDOM_BYTES() RANGE COLUMNS partitioning Range Optimization Range Optimization of Row Constructor Expressions RANGE Partitioning range_alloc_block_size range_optimizer_max_mem_size raw backup rbr_exec_mode READ COMMITTED read phenomena Read Row Probes READ UNCOMMITTED read view read-ahead Read-Ahead read-only transaction read_buffer_size read_only read_rnd_buffer_size Rebooting a Cluster from a Major Outage Rebuilding InnoDB Full-Text Indexes Rebuilding MyISAM Full-Text Indexes Rebuilding or Repairing Tables or Indexes Reclaiming Disk Space with TRUNCATE TABLE Recommended Starting Configuration for NDB Cluster record lock Record Locks Recovering Corrupt Tables Recovering From a Point-in-time Recovery from Data Corruption or Disk Failure redo Redo Log redo log Redo Log Buffer Reduced/Removed YEAR(2) Support in MySQL 5.7 Reducing Redundant I/O Reducing Transactional Overhead redundant row format Redundant Row Format Characteristics ref REFERENCES Referencing Predefined Functions Referencing Predefined Variables Referential Actions referential integrity REGEXP Regular Expression Operators Regular Expressions Rejoining a Cluster Related Information relational Relational Tables relay_log_purge relay_log_space_limit RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS() RELEASE_LOCK() relevance Relevancy Ranking for a Multiple Word Search Relevancy Ranking for a Single Word Search Relevancy Rankings for InnoDB Boolean Mode Search RELOAD Reloading Delimited-Text Format Backups Reloading SQL-Format Backups Remove All Documents in a Collection Remove Documents Remove Documents Using Conditions Remove the First Document Remove the Last Document in an Order Removing Anonymous Accounts Removing Instances from the InnoDB Cluster Removing the service Removing User Accounts RENAME TABLE Syntax RENAME USER Syntax Renaming, Redefining, and Reordering Columns REPAIR TABLE Method REPAIR TABLE Output REPAIR TABLE Syntax Repairing and Checking CSV Tables REPEAT Syntax REPEAT() REPEATABLE READ REPLACE Syntax replace — A String-Replacement Utility REPLACE() Replacing a Native Third-Party Distribution of MySQL Replacing a Nonnative Third-Party Distribution of MySQL Replacing a Third-Party Distribution of MySQL Using the MySQL Yum Repository Replacing a User Filter Replacing the Native Third-Party Distribution by a Yum Update or a DNF Upgrade Replicating Different Databases to Different Slaves replication Replication Replication and AUTO_INCREMENT Replication and Binary Logging Option and Variable Reference Replication and Binary Logging Options and Variables Replication and BLACKHOLE Tables Replication and Character Sets Replication and CHECKSUM TABLE Replication and DIRECTORY Table Options Replication and Floating-Point Values Replication and FLUSH Replication and Fractional Seconds Support Replication and LIMIT Replication and LOAD DATA INFILE Replication and Master or Slave Shutdowns Replication and max_allowed_packet Replication and MEMORY Tables Replication and Partitioning Replication and REPAIR TABLE Replication and Reserved Words Replication and Server SQL Mode Replication and System Functions Replication and Temporary Tables Replication and the Query Optimizer Replication and Time Zones Replication and Transaction Inconsistencies Replication and Transactions Replication and Triggers Replication and TRUNCATE TABLE Replication and User Name Length Replication and Variables Replication and Views Replication Channel Naming Conventions Replication Channels REPLICATION CLIENT Replication Compatibility Between MySQL Versions Replication Considerations Replication Features and Issues Replication Formats Replication Framework Replication Implementation Replication Implementation Details Replication Master Options and Variables Replication Master Thread States Replication Mode Concepts Replication Notes and Tips Replication of Columns Having Different Data Types Replication of CREATE ... IF NOT EXISTS Statements Replication of CREATE SERVER, ALTER SERVER, and DROP SERVER Replication of CREATE TABLE ... SELECT Statements Replication of CURRENT_USER() Replication of DROP ... IF EXISTS Statements Replication of Invoked Features Replication of Server-Side Help Tables Replication of the mysql System Database Replication Options Replication Relay and Status Logs Replication Retries and Timeouts Replication Rule Application REPLICATION SLAVE Replication Slave Connection Thread States Replication Slave I/O Thread States Replication Slave Options and Variables Replication Slave SQL Thread States Replication Solutions Replication Statements Replication System Tables Replication Table Descriptions Replication Table Life Cycle Replication Technologies Replication with Differing Table Definitions on Master and Slave Replication with Global Transaction Identifiers Replication with More Columns on Master or Slave Replication_applier_status Replication_connection_status Replication_group_member_stats Replication_group_members require_secure_transport Requirements and Limitations Requirements for Proxy User Support Rescanning a Cluster Reserved User Accounts Reserving B-tree Page Space for Future Index Growth RESET MASTER Syntax RESET SLAVE Syntax RESET Syntax Resetting Multi-Source Replication Slaves Resetting the Root Password: Generic Instructions Resetting the Root Password: Unix and Unix-Like Systems Resetting the Root Password: Windows Systems RESIGNAL Alone RESIGNAL Requires Condition Handler Context RESIGNAL Syntax RESIGNAL with a Condition Value and Optional New Signal Information RESIGNAL with New Signal Information Resilience Resizing the InnoDB System Tablespace resolve_stack_dump — Resolve Numeric Stack Trace Dump to Symbols resolveip — Resolve Host name to IP Address or Vice Versa Restarting MySQL restore Restoring a Cluster from Quorum Loss Restoring Orphan File-Per-Table ibd Files Restoring to a different number of data nodes Restoring to Fewer Nodes Than the Original Restoring to More Nodes Than the Original Restrictions Restrictions and Limitations on Partitioning Restrictions for Stored Functions Restrictions for Triggers Restrictions on Character Sets Restrictions on Compressed Tables Restrictions on Condition Handling Restrictions on InnoDB Tables Restrictions on Performance Schema Restrictions on Pluggable Authentication Restrictions on Replication with GTIDs Restrictions on Server-Side Cursors Restrictions on Stored Programs Restrictions on Subqueries Restrictions on Views Restrictions on XA Transactions Restrictions When Using the Embedded MySQL Server Restructuring a Key Cache Result Metadata Retrieving an Nonexistent Schema Retrieving Index Size Using the innodb_index_stats Table Retrieving Information from a Table Retrieving InnoDB Tablespace Metadata from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES RETURN Syntax Return Value REVERSE() REVOKE Syntax Rewriter Plugin Operational Information Rewriter Plugin Use of Character Sets Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin Procedures and Functions Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin Reference Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin Rules Table Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin Status Variables Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin System Variables Rewriting Prepared Statements Rewriting Subqueries as Joins RIGHT() RLIKE rollback Rollback Failure for Nontransactional Tables rollback segment ROUND() Rounding Behavior row Row Constructor Expression Optimization Row Format row format row lock Row Order for MyISAM Tables Row Size Limit Examples Row Size Limits Row Subqueries row-based replication Row-Level Locking row-level locking Row-Level Probes ROW_COUNT() rows RPAD() Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx Rpl_semi_sync_master_status Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level Rsa_public_key RTRIM() Running C API Client Programs Running innochecksum on Multiple System Tablespace Files Running innochecksum on Multiple User-defined Tablespace Files Running Multiple MySQL Instances on One Machine Running Multiple MySQL Instances on Unix Running Multiple MySQL Instances on Windows Running MySQL in ANSI Mode Runtime Problems rw-lock Safe Shutdown and Restart of NDB Cluster SASL-Based LDAP Authentication savepoint SAVEPOINT, ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT, and RELEASE SAVEPOINT Syntax Saving and Restoring the Buffer Pool State Saving and Restoring the Buffer Pool State Online Saving the Buffer Pool State at Shutdown and Restoring it at Startup scalability Scalability and Limits scale out scale up schema SCHEMA Events Schema Object Names SCHEMA() SCI Transport Connections in NDB Cluster Scope of Transaction Characteristics Scope Rules for Handlers search index Searching and Modifying JSON Values Searching on Two Keys SEC_TO_TIME() SECOND() secondary index Secondary Indexes and Generated Columns Sections of the config.ini File Secure Socket Layer Support (SSL) Secure-by-Default Deployment Securing Test Databases Securing the Initial MySQL Accounts Securing your Cluster Security Security Considerations for the InnoDB memcached Plugin Security Guidelines Security Issues with LOAD DATA LOCAL Security Plugins Security-Related mysqld Options and Variables See Also segment SELECT SELECT ... INTO Syntax Select a Record Select All Records SELECT INTO TABLE Differences SELECT Syntax Select Tables Select_full_join Select_full_range_join Select_range Select_range_check Select_scan select_type Selecting a MySQL Server Type Selecting a Release Series Selecting a Target Series Selecting All Data Selecting General Query and Slow Query Log Output Destinations Selecting Particular Columns Selecting Particular Rows Selecting SQL Modes selectivity semi-consistent read Semisynchronous Replication Semisynchronous Replication Administrative Interface Semisynchronous Replication Installation and Configuration Semisynchronous Replication Monitoring Semisynchronous Replication Plugins SERIALIZABLE server Server and Status Variables and Options Added, Deprecated, or Removed in MySQL 5.7 Server Changes Server Character Set and Collation Server Command Options Server Configuration Server Configuration Defaults Server Error Codes and Messages Server Instance Configuration Server Log Maintenance Server Option and Variable Reference Server Plugin Library and Plugin Descriptors Server Plugin Status and System Variables Server Response to Signals Server SQL Modes Server Status Variables Server Support for Proxy User Mapping Server System Variables Server-Side Configuration for Encrypted Connections Server-Side Help Server-Side Help System Tables session_track_gtids session_track_schema session_track_state_change session_track_system_variables SESSION_USER() Set and Unset Fields SET CHARACTER SET Syntax SET GLOBAL sql_slave_skip_counter Syntax SET NAMES Syntax SET PASSWORD Syntax SET sql_log_bin Syntax SET Syntax SET Syntax for Variable Assignment SET TRANSACTION Syntax Setting Account Resource Limits Setting Alternative Server Paths Setting Environment Variables Setting MERGE_THRESHOLD for a Table Setting MERGE_THRESHOLD for Individual Indexes Setting NDB_TABLE Options Setting The Binary Log Format Setting the Error Message Language Setting the Master Configuration on the Slave Setting the Replication Master Configuration Setting the Replication Slave Configuration Setting the SQL Mode Setting the Storage Engine Setting Up a MyISAM Table Maintenance Schedule Setting Up a MySQL Git Repository Setting Up Binary Log File Position Based Replication Setting Up Multiple Data Directories Setting Up MySQL as a Document Store Setting Up Remote Monitoring in MySQL Notifier Setting Up Replication between a New Master and Slaves Setting Up Replication Slaves Setting Up Replication to Use Encrypted Connections Setting Up Replication Using GTIDs Setting Up Replication with Existing Data Setting Up the InnoDB memcached Plugin SHA-256 Pluggable Authentication SHA1(), SHA() SHA2() sha256_password_auto_generate_rsa_keys sha256_password_private_key_path sha256_password_proxy_users sha256_password_public_key_path Shared and Exclusive Locks Shared Key Cache Access shared lock shared tablespace shared_memory shared_memory_base_name sharp checkpoint Show All Tables SHOW BINARY LOGS Syntax SHOW BINLOG EVENTS Syntax SHOW CHARACTER SET Syntax SHOW COLLATION Syntax SHOW COLUMNS Syntax SHOW CREATE DATABASE Syntax SHOW CREATE EVENT Syntax SHOW CREATE FUNCTION Syntax SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE Syntax SHOW CREATE TABLE Syntax SHOW CREATE TRIGGER Syntax SHOW CREATE USER Syntax SHOW CREATE VIEW Syntax SHOW DATABASES SHOW DATABASES Syntax SHOW ENGINE Syntax SHOW ENGINES Syntax SHOW ERRORS Syntax SHOW EVENTS Syntax SHOW FUNCTION CODE Syntax SHOW FUNCTION STATUS Syntax SHOW GRANTS Syntax SHOW INDEX Syntax SHOW MASTER STATUS Syntax SHOW OPEN TABLES Syntax SHOW PLUGINS Syntax SHOW PRIVILEGES Syntax SHOW PROCEDURE CODE Syntax SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS Syntax SHOW PROCESSLIST Syntax SHOW PROFILE Syntax SHOW PROFILES Syntax SHOW RELAYLOG EVENTS Syntax SHOW SLAVE HOSTS Syntax SHOW SLAVE STATUS Information Not In the Replication Tables SHOW SLAVE STATUS Syntax SHOW STATUS Syntax SHOW Syntax SHOW TABLE STATUS Syntax SHOW TABLES Syntax SHOW TRIGGERS Syntax SHOW VARIABLES Syntax SHOW VIEW SHOW WARNINGS Syntax show_compatibility_56 show_old_temporals shutdown SHUTDOWN SHUTDOWN Syntax SIGN() Signal Condition Information Items SIGNAL Syntax Signature Checking Using GnuPG Signature Checking Using Gpg4win for Windows Signature Checking Using RPM Silent Column Specification Changes Simple LDAP Authentication Simplifying DDL Statements with Online DDL Simultaneous MySQL Server and Connector/C Installations SIN() Single-Primary Mode Single-Table Syntax SINGLEUSER Events skip_external_locking Slave Errors During Replication slave server Slave Status Logs Slave_heartbeat_period Slave_last_heartbeat Slave_open_temp_tables Slave_received_heartbeats Slave_retried_transactions Slave_rows_last_search_algorithm_used Slave_running Sleep Routines SLEEP() slow query log slow shutdown Slow_launch_threads slow_launch_time Slow_queries slow_query_log_file snapshot Snapshot Backups Socket Peer-Credential Pluggable Authentication Socket Summaries Socket Summary Tables Solving Problems with No Matching Rows sort buffer sort_buffer_size Sort_merge_passes Sort_range Sort_rows Sort_scan Sorted Index Builds Sorted Index Builds and Compressed Tables Sorted Index Builds and Full-Text Index Support Sorted Index Builds and Optimizer Statistics Sorted Index Builds and Redo Logging Sorting Rows SOUNDEX() SOUNDS LIKE Source Command Source Installation Methods Source Installation System Requirements Sources of Error Information South European and Middle East Character Sets space ID Space Needed for Keys Space Requirements for Online DDL Operations SPACE() sparse file Spatial Analysis Functions Spatial Convenience Functions Spatial Data Types Spatial Function Reference Spatial Geohash Functions Spatial GeoJSON Functions Spatial Indexes Spatial Operator Functions Spatial Relation Functions That Use Minimum Bounding Rectangles Spatial Relation Functions That Use Object Shapes Spatial Type Storage Requirements Specifying Account Names Specifying Character Sets and Collations Specifying Options in a MySQL Configuration File Specifying Program Options Specifying the mysqlbinlog Server ID Specifying the Row Format for a Table spin SQL SQL Changes SQL Compression Syntax Warnings and Errors SQL Compression Syntax Warnings and Errors for File-Per-Table Tablespaces SQL Compression Syntax Warnings and Errors for General Tablespaces SQL Mode Changes in MySQL 5.7 SQL Statement Syntax SQL Statements for Controlling Group Replication SQL Statements for Controlling Master Servers SQL Statements for Controlling Slave Servers SQL Statements Not Permitted in Stored Routines SQL Syntax Allowed in Prepared Statements SQL-Based MySQL Account Activity Auditing sql_auto_is_null sql_big_selects sql_buffer_result sql_log_bin sql_log_off sql_notes sql_quote_show_create sql_safe_updates sql_select_limit sql_warnings SQRT() SSD SSL and RSA File Characteristics Ssl_accept_renegotiates Ssl_accepts Ssl_callback_cache_hits Ssl_cipher Ssl_cipher_list Ssl_client_connects Ssl_connect_renegotiates Ssl_ctx_verify_depth Ssl_ctx_verify_mode Ssl_default_timeout Ssl_finished_accepts Ssl_finished_connects Ssl_server_not_after Ssl_server_not_before Ssl_session_cache_hits Ssl_session_cache_misses Ssl_session_cache_mode Ssl_session_cache_overflows Ssl_session_cache_size Ssl_session_cache_timeouts Ssl_sessions_reused Ssl_used_session_cache_entries Ssl_verify_depth Ssl_verify_mode Ssl_version Stage Event Configuration Stage Event Consumers Stage Event Progress Information Stage Instrument Components Stage Summaries Stage Summary Tables Standard Monitor Output Sections Standards Considerations START GROUP_REPLICATION Syntax Start MySQL Shell START SLAVE Syntax START TRANSACTION, COMMIT, and ROLLBACK Syntax Starting and Stopping MySQL Automatically Starting Multi-Source Replication Slaves Starting Multiple MySQL Instances as Windows Services Starting Multiple MySQL Instances at the Windows Command Line Starting MySQL as a Windows Service Starting MySQL from the Windows Command Line Starting MySQL Shell Starting NDB Cluster Replication (Single Replication Channel) Starting the MySQL Server Starting the NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Starting the Server Starting the Server for the First Time Starting the service startup STARTUP Events Startup Options and Replication Channels Startup Options for Replication Masters Startup Options for Replication Slaves Startup Options Used with Binary Logging Startup Options Used with GTID Replication Startup Scripts State Transfer: Catching Up Statement Digest Aggregation Rules Statement Digest Consumer Statement Digest General Concepts Statement Digest Memory Use Statement Digests in the Performance Schema Statement Event Configuration Statement Event Consumers Statement Execution Time Optimizer Hints Statement Instrument Components Statement Label Syntax Statement Monitoring Statement Probes Statement Summaries Statement Summary Tables statement-based replication Statements and Functions Statements That Cannot Be Rolled Back Statements That Cause an Implicit Commit Static (Fixed-Length) Table Characteristics statistics STATISTICS Events Status Variable Summaries Status Variable Summary Tables Status Variables for X Plugin Status Variables Moved to Replication Tables Staying Current with Time Zone Changes STD() STDDEV() STDDEV_POP() STDDEV_SAMP() stemming Steps for a Fresh Installation of MySQL STOP GROUP_REPLICATION Syntax STOP SLAVE Syntax Stopping Multi-Source Replication Slaves Stopping Yum from Receiving MySQL Packages from Third-Party, Nonnative Repositories stopword Stopwords for InnoDB Search Indexes Stopwords for MyISAM Search Indexes storage engine Storage Engine Options Storage Engine Plugins Storage Engines Used for Temporary Tables Storage Requirements storage_engine stored generated column Stored Procedures, Functions, Triggers, and LAST_INSERT_ID() Stored Program Instrumentation Behavior Stored Programs and Views Stored Routine Metadata Stored Routine Privileges Stored Routine Syntax Stored Routines and MySQL Privileges stored_program_cache Storing Data on Disk, in Memory, or Both STR_TO_DATE() STRCMP() strict mode Strict SQL Mode String Collating Support for Complex Character Sets String Comparison Functions String Functions String Literals String Type Overview String Type Storage Requirements String Types Structured System Variables SUBDATE() sublist Subpartitioning Subqueries Subqueries with ALL Subqueries with ANY, IN, or SOME Subqueries with EXISTS or NOT EXISTS Subquery Errors Subquery Optimizer Hints Subquery Syntax SUBSTR() SUBSTRING() SUBSTRING_INDEX() SUBTIME() SUM() Summary of NDB Cluster Start Phases SUNPRO_CXX_LIBRARY SUPER super_read_only Supported Character Sets and Collations Supported Collations Supported Keyring Key Types Supported Languages Supported Platforms Supported Spatial Data Formats Supporters of MySQL supremum record Surface Class surrogate key Switchable Optimizations Switching Masters During Failover sync_frm Syntax of Regular Expressions synthetic key sys Schema Object Index sys Schema Object Reference sys Schema Progress Reporting sys Schema Stored Functions sys Schema Stored Procedures sys Schema Tables and Triggers sys Schema Views SYSCONFDIR SYSDATE() syslog Logging Characteristics System Factors System Table Changes System Tablespace system tablespace System Tablespace Data File Configuration System Variables Used on Replication Masters System Variables Used on Replication Slaves System Variables Used with Binary Logging System Variables Used with GTID Replication system_time_zone SYSTEM_USER() SYSTEMD_PID_DIR SYSTEMD_SERVICE_NAME Tab Separated Format table Table 'tbl_name' doesn't exist Table Character Set and Collation Table Columns Table Definition-Related Issues Table Format Table I/O and Lock Wait Summaries Table I/O and Lock Wait Summary Tables table lock Table Locking Issues Table Maintenance Table Maintenance Statements Table Name Table Options Table Overview Table Privileges Table Repair Considerations table scan table statistics table type Table-Corruption Issues Table-Level Locking Table-Level Optimizer Hints Table-Locking Restrictions and Conditions table_definition_cache Table_locks_immediate Table_locks_waited table_open_cache Table_open_cache_hits table_open_cache_instances Table_open_cache_misses Table_open_cache_overflows tablespace tablespace dictionary Tablespace Discovery During Crash Recovery Tablespace Does Not Exist TAN() Tc_log_max_pages_used Tc_log_page_size Tc_log_page_waits temporary table TEMPORARY Table Problems Temporary Table Storage Format Temporary Table Undo Logs Temporary Tables temporary tablespace Temporary Tablespace Test Pluggable Authentication Testing and Benchmarking with InnoDB Testing Event Field Values Testing Failover Testing the InnoDB memcached Replication Configuration Testing The MySQL Installation Testing the Server text collection The 4.1 Hashing Method The accounts Table The ARCHIVE Storage Engine The Audit Log File The BINARY and VARBINARY Types The Binary Character Set The binary Collation Compared to _bin Collations The Binary Log The BLACKHOLE Storage Engine The BLOB and TEXT Types The CHAR and VARCHAR Types The Common Database Server Layer The cond_instances Table The Connection-Control Plugins The Cost Model Database The cp932 Character Set The create_synonym_db() Procedure The CSV Storage Engine The DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP Types The DBUG Package The DDL Log The demo_test Example Table The diagnostics() Procedure The Effect of IGNORE on Statement Execution The Effect of Strict SQL Mode on Statement Execution The ENUM Type The Error Log The Event Scheduler and MySQL Privileges The events_stages_current Table The events_stages_history Table The events_stages_history_long Table The events_statements_current Table The events_statements_history Table The events_statements_history_long Table The events_transactions_current Table The events_transactions_history Table The events_transactions_history_long Table The events_waits_current Table The events_waits_history Table The events_waits_history_long Table The EXAMPLE Storage Engine The execute_prepared_stmt() Procedure The extract_schema_from_file_name() Function The extract_table_from_file_name() Function The FEDERATED Storage Engine The file_instances Table The format_bytes() Function The format_path() Function The format_statement() Function The format_time() Function The gb18030 Character Set The General Query Log The Geometry Class Hierarchy The Group The host_cache Table The host_summary and x$host_summary Views The host_summary_by_file_io and x$host_summary_by_file_io Views The host_summary_by_file_io_type and x$host_summary_by_file_io_type Views The host_summary_by_stages and x$host_summary_by_stages Views The host_summary_by_statement_latency and x$host_summary_by_statement_latency Views The host_summary_by_statement_type and x$host_summary_by_statement_type Views The hosts Table The In-Memory filesort Algorithm The Index Merge Intersection Access Algorithm The Index Merge Sort-Union Access Algorithm The Index Merge Union Access Algorithm The INFORMATION_SCHEMA CHARACTER_SETS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLLATIONS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLUMN_PRIVILEGES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLUMNS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ENGINES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA EVENTS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA FILES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA GLOBAL_STATUS and SESSION_STATUS Tables The INFORMATION_SCHEMA GLOBAL_VARIABLES and SESSION_VARIABLES Tables The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_CMP and INNODB_CMP_RESET Tables The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX and INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET Tables The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_CMPMEM and INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET Tables The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_CONFIG Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_DELETED Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_LOCK_WAITS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_LOCKS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_METRICS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_FIELDS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_INDEXES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_TABLES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS View The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SYS_VIRTUAL Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_TRX Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA KEY_COLUMN_USAGE Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ndb_transid_mysql_connection_map Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA OPTIMIZER_TRACE Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARTITIONS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PLUGINS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PROCESSLIST Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PROFILING Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA SCHEMATA Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA STATISTICS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLE_CONSTRAINTS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLE_PRIVILEGES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLESPACES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TP_THREAD_GROUP_STATE Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TP_THREAD_GROUP_STATS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TP_THREAD_STATE Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA USER_PRIVILEGES Table The INFORMATION_SCHEMA VIEWS Table The InnoDB Buffer Pool The InnoDB memcached Plugin and Replication The InnoDB Storage Engine The innodb_buffer_stats_by_schema and x$innodb_buffer_stats_by_schema Views The innodb_buffer_stats_by_table and x$innodb_buffer_stats_by_table Views The innodb_lock_waits and x$innodb_lock_waits Views The io_by_thread_by_latency and x$io_by_thread_by_latency Views The io_global_by_file_by_bytes and x$io_global_by_file_by_bytes Views The io_global_by_file_by_latency and x$io_global_by_file_by_latency Views The io_global_by_wait_by_bytes and x$io_global_by_wait_by_bytes Views The io_global_by_wait_by_latency and x$io_global_by_wait_by_latency Views The JSON Data Type The Keyring Service The latest_file_io and x$latest_file_io Views The list_add() Function The list_drop() Function The Locking Service The Locking Service C Interface The Locking Service UDF Interface The Main Features of MySQL The Maximum Value for a Column The MEMORY Storage Engine The memory_by_host_by_current_bytes and x$memory_by_host_by_current_bytes Views The memory_by_thread_by_current_bytes and x$memory_by_thread_by_current_bytes Views The memory_by_user_by_current_bytes and x$memory_by_user_by_current_bytes Views The memory_global_by_current_bytes and x$memory_global_by_current_bytes Views The memory_global_total and x$memory_global_total Views The MERGE Storage Engine The metadata_locks Table The metrics View The Modified filesort Algorithm The Most Important SQL Modes The mutex_instances Table The MyISAM Key Cache The MyISAM Storage Engine The MySQL Access Privilege System The MySQL C API The MySQL Data Directory The MySQL Diagnostics Area The MySQL Keyring The MySQL Plugin API The MySQL Query Cache The MySQL Server The mysql System Database The MySQL Test Suite The MySQL/Ruby API The National Character Set The NDB Cluster Auto-Installer The ndbinfo arbitrator_validity_detail Table The ndbinfo arbitrator_validity_summary Table The ndbinfo blocks Table The ndbinfo cluster_locks Table The ndbinfo cluster_operations Table The ndbinfo cluster_transactions Table The ndbinfo config_nodes Table The ndbinfo config_params Table The ndbinfo config_values Table The ndbinfo counters Table The ndbinfo cpustat Table The ndbinfo cpustat_1sec Table The ndbinfo cpustat_20sec Table The ndbinfo cpustat_50ms Table The ndbinfo dict_obj_info Table The ndbinfo dict_obj_types Table The ndbinfo disk_write_speed_aggregate Table The ndbinfo disk_write_speed_aggregate_node Table The ndbinfo disk_write_speed_base Table The ndbinfo diskpagebuffer Table The ndbinfo error_messages Table The ndbinfo locks_per_fragment Table The ndbinfo logbuffers Table The ndbinfo logspaces Table The ndbinfo membership Table The ndbinfo memory_per_fragment Table The ndbinfo memoryusage Table The ndbinfo nodes Table The ndbinfo operations_per_fragment Table The ndbinfo processes Table The ndbinfo resources Table The ndbinfo restart_info Table The ndbinfo server_locks Table The ndbinfo server_operations Table The ndbinfo server_transactions Table The ndbinfo table_distribution_status Table The ndbinfo table_fragments Table The ndbinfo table_info Table The ndbinfo table_replicas Table The ndbinfo tc_time_track_stats Table The ndbinfo threadblocks Table The ndbinfo threads Table The ndbinfo threadstat Table The ndbinfo transporters Table The OpenGIS Geometry Model The Optimizer Cost Model The Original (Pre-4.1) Hashing Method The Original filesort Algorithm The Password Validation Plugin The Performance Schema Memory-Allocation Model The performance_timers Table The Physical Row Structure of an InnoDB Table The Physical Structure of an InnoDB Index The prepared_statements_instances Table The processlist and x$processlist Views The ps_check_lost_instrumentation View The ps_is_account_enabled() Function The ps_is_consumer_enabled() Function The ps_is_instrument_default_enabled() Function The ps_is_instrument_default_timed() Function The ps_is_thread_instrumented() Function The ps_setup_disable_background_threads() Procedure The ps_setup_disable_consumer() Procedure The ps_setup_disable_instrument() Procedure The ps_setup_disable_thread() Procedure The ps_setup_enable_background_threads() Procedure The ps_setup_enable_consumer() Procedure The ps_setup_enable_instrument() Procedure The ps_setup_enable_thread() Procedure The ps_setup_reload_saved() Procedure The ps_setup_reset_to_default() Procedure The ps_setup_save() Procedure The ps_setup_show_disabled() Procedure The ps_setup_show_disabled_consumers() Procedure The ps_setup_show_disabled_instruments() Procedure The ps_setup_show_enabled() Procedure The ps_setup_show_enabled_consumers() Procedure The ps_setup_show_enabled_instruments() Procedure The ps_statement_avg_latency_histogram() Procedure The ps_thread_account() Function The ps_thread_id() Function The ps_thread_stack() Function The ps_thread_trx_info() Function The ps_trace_statement_digest() Procedure The ps_trace_thread() Procedure The ps_truncate_all_tables() Procedure The quote_identifier() Function The Range Access Method for Multiple-Part Indexes The Range Access Method for Single-Part Indexes The replication_applier_configuration Table The replication_applier_status Table The replication_applier_status_by_coordinator Table The replication_applier_status_by_worker Table The replication_connection_configuration Table The replication_connection_status Table The replication_group_member_stats Table The replication_group_members Table The Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin The Row Holding the Maximum of a Certain Column The Rows Holding the Group-wise Maximum of a Certain Column The Ruby/MySQL API The rwlock_instances Table The schema_auto_increment_columns View The schema_index_statistics and x$schema_index_statistics Views The schema_object_overview View The schema_redundant_indexes and x$schema_flattened_keys Views The schema_table_lock_waits and x$schema_table_lock_waits Views The schema_table_statistics and x$schema_table_statistics Views The schema_table_statistics_with_buffer and x$schema_table_statistics_with_buffer Views The schema_tables_with_full_table_scans and x$schema_tables_with_full_table_scans Views The schema_unused_indexes View The Server Shutdown Process The session and x$session Views The session_account_connect_attrs Table The session_connect_attrs Table The session_ssl_status View The SET Type The setup_actors Table The setup_consumers Table The setup_instruments Table The setup_objects Table The setup_timers Table The Slave Relay Log The Slow Query Log The socket_instances Table The statement_analysis and x$statement_analysis Views The statement_performance_analyzer() Procedure The statements_with_errors_or_warnings and x$statements_with_errors_or_warnings Views The statements_with_full_table_scans and x$statements_with_full_table_scans Views The statements_with_runtimes_in_95th_percentile and x$statements_with_runtimes_in_95th_percentile Views The statements_with_sorting and x$statements_with_sorting Views The statements_with_temp_tables and x$statements_with_temp_tables Views The Subquery as Scalar Operand The sys_config Table The sys_config_insert_set_user Trigger The sys_config_update_set_user Trigger The sys_get_config() Function The table is full The table_exists() Procedure The table_handles Table The table_io_waits_summary_by_index_usage Table The table_io_waits_summary_by_table Table The table_lock_waits_summary_by_table Table The threads Table The TIME Type The ucs2 Character Set (UCS-2 Unicode Encoding) The user_summary and x$user_summary Views The user_summary_by_file_io and x$user_summary_by_file_io Views The user_summary_by_file_io_type and x$user_summary_by_file_io_type Views The user_summary_by_stages and x$user_summary_by_stages Views The user_summary_by_statement_latency and x$user_summary_by_statement_latency Views The user_summary_by_statement_type and x$user_summary_by_statement_type Views The users Table The utf16 Character Set (UTF-16 Unicode Encoding) The utf16le Character Set (UTF-16LE Unicode Encoding) The utf32 Character Set (UTF-32 Unicode Encoding) The utf8 Character Set (3-Byte UTF-8 Unicode Encoding) The utf8mb3 Character Set (Alias for utf8) The utf8mb4 Character Set (4-Byte UTF-8 Unicode Encoding) The version View The version_major() Function The version_minor() Function The version_patch() Function The View WITH CHECK OPTION Clause The wait_classes_global_by_avg_latency and x$wait_classes_global_by_avg_latency Views The wait_classes_global_by_latency and x$wait_classes_global_by_latency Views The waits_by_host_by_latency and x$waits_by_host_by_latency Views The waits_by_user_by_latency and x$waits_by_user_by_latency Views The waits_global_by_latency and x$waits_global_by_latency Views The YEAR Type Third-Party MySQL APIs thread Thread Command Values Thread Pool Components Thread Pool INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables Thread Pool Installation Thread Pool Operation Thread Pool Tuning thread_cache_size thread_concurrency thread_handling thread_pool_algorithm thread_pool_high_priority_connection thread_pool_max_unused_threads thread_pool_prio_kickup_timer thread_pool_size thread_pool_stall_limit thread_stack Threads_cached Threads_connected Threads_created Threads_running Tight Index Scan Time Zone Leap Second Support Time Zone Problems Time Zone System Tables TIME() time_format TIME_FORMAT() TIME_TO_SEC() time_zone timed_mutexes TIMEDIFF() timestamp TIMESTAMP Initialization and the NULL Attribute TIMESTAMP() TIMESTAMPADD() TIMESTAMPDIFF() tls_version tmp_table_size TMPDIR TO_BASE64() TO_DAYS() TO_SECONDS() Too many connections Tools that were used to create MySQL Top-Level Instrument Components torn page TPS Tracing mysqld Using DTrace transaction Transaction Access Mode Transaction Aggregation Rules Transaction Boundaries Transaction Event Configuration Transaction Event Consumers transaction ID Transaction Instrumentation Transaction Isolation Transaction Isolation Levels Transaction Summaries Transaction Summary Tables transaction_alloc_block_size transaction_prealloc_size transaction_write_set_extraction Transactional and Locking Statements Transactional Options Transactions and Errors Transactions and Nested Events Transactions and Savepoints Transactions and Stored Programs Transactions in Client-Side Languages Transferring Existing Data transparent page compression transportable tablespace Transportable Tablespace Examples Transportable Tablespace Internals Transportable Tablespaces TRIGGER Trigger Metadata Trigger Syntax and Examples TRIM() Troubleshooting troubleshooting Troubleshooting a Microsoft Windows MySQL Server Installation Troubleshooting InnoDB Data Dictionary Operations Troubleshooting InnoDB I/O Problems Troubleshooting Problems Connecting to MySQL Troubleshooting Problems Linking to the MySQL Client Library Troubleshooting Problems Starting the MySQL Server Troubleshooting Replication Troubleshooting the InnoDB memcached Plugin truncate TRUNCATE TABLE Syntax TRUNCATE() Truncating Undo Tablespaces Tuning Compression for InnoDB Tables Tuning InnoDB memcached Plugin Performance Tuning Recovery tuple Turning Off InnoDB Tutorial Two-Digit Years in Dates two-phase commit tx_isolation tx_read_only type Type and Networking Type Conversion in Expression Evaluation Types of Error Values Types of Numeric Values Types of Plugins Typographical and Syntax Conventions UCASE() UDF Argument Processing UDF Calling Sequences for Aggregate Functions UDF Calling Sequences for Simple Functions UDF Compiling and Installing UDF Return Values and Error Handling UDF Security Precautions Unblocking a Partition UNCOMPRESS() UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH() Undefined db Variable Undefined Global Session Understanding Files Associated with InnoDB Tables Understanding the Query Execution Plan undo undo buffer undo log undo log segment Undo Logs Undo Tablespace undo tablespace UNHEX() Unicode Character Sets Unicode Support Unicode Support on Windows UNINSTALL PLUGIN Syntax Uninstalling LDAP Pluggable Authentication Uninstalling MySQL Enterprise Firewall Uninstalling No-Login Pluggable Authentication Uninstalling PAM Pluggable Authentication Uninstalling Plugins Uninstalling Socket Pluggable Authentication Uninstalling Test Pluggable Authentication Uninstalling the Nonnative Third-Party MySQL Distribution of MySQL Uninstalling the X Plugin Uninstalling Windows Pluggable Authentication UNION Syntax unique constraint unique index unique key unique_checks Unix Password Authentication with Proxy Users and Group Mapping Unix Password Authentication without Proxy Users UNIX_TIMESTAMP() Unsupported or Missing Features in NDB Cluster Unsupported Syntax from the SQL:2003 Standard Updatable and Insertable Views updatable_views_with_limit UPDATE UPDATE Differences UPDATE Syntax Update Tables UpdateXML() Updating MySQL with Yum Upgrade Methods Upgrade Paths Upgrade Troubleshooting Upgrades and Downgrades, NDB Cluster 7.5 Upgrading a Replication Setup Upgrading Accounts from Implicit to Explicit mysql_native_password Use Upgrading Accounts from mysql_old_password to mysql_native_password Upgrading and Downgrading NDB Cluster Upgrading from Versions Older than MySQL 5.1 Upgrading MySQL Upgrading MySQL on Windows Upgrading MySQL with Directly-Downloaded RPM Packages Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL APT Repository Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository Upgrading or Downgrading MySQL Upgrading the Shared Client Libraries Upon suspicion of a problem in the group, is there a special member responsible for triggering a reconfiguration? UPPER() Uptime Uptime_since_flush_status USAGE Usage Advice and Limitations of Distributed Recovery Usage notes Usage Notes: Usage of Row-Based Logging and Replication Usage Scenarios Use Command Use of Index Extensions Use of Indexes to Satisfy ORDER BY USE Syntax Use the digest with a key pair Use the private key to encrypt data and the public key to decrypt it User Account Locking User Credentials User Names and Passwords USER() User-Created and Temporary Tables User-Defined Variables Using a Stack Trace Using AdminAPI Using Asynchronous I/O on Linux Using Audit Log Filtering Functions Using AUTO_INCREMENT Using Backups for Recovery Using Client Programs in a Multiple-Server Environment Using CLUSTERLOG STATISTICS in the NDB Cluster Management Client Using COLLATE in SQL Statements Using Collation in INFORMATION_SCHEMA Searches Using Data Types from Other Database Engines Using Encrypted Connections Using FOREIGN KEY Constraints Using Foreign Keys Using General-Purpose Keyring Functions Using GTIDs for Failover and Scaleout Using High-Speed Interconnects with NDB Cluster Using InnoDB Transaction and Locking Information Using LDAP Pluggable Authentication Using More Than one Table Using myisamchk for Crash Recovery Using MySQL as a Document Store Using MySQL Enterprise Backup with Group Replication Using MySQL Enterprise Firewall Using mysql in Batch Mode Using MySQL Programs Using MySQL Shell to Execute a Script Using MySQL with Apache Using mysqlbinlog to Back Up Binary Log Files Using mysqldump for Backups Using mysqldump to Test for Upgrade Incompatibilities Using Native Pluggable Authentication Using NFS with MySQL Using No-Login Pluggable Authentication Using Old Native Pluggable Authentication Using Option Files Using Options on the Command Line Using Options to Set Program Variables Using PAM Pluggable Authentication Using Primary Keys Using PROCEDURE ANALYSE Using Raw Disk Partitions for the System Tablespace Using Replication for Backups Using Replication for Scale-Out Using Replication with Different Master and Slave Storage Engines Using Secure Connections with X Plugin Using Server Logs to Find Causes of Errors in mysqld Using sha256 Pluggable Authentication Using Socket Pluggable Authentication Using Spatial Indexes Using SSL for Encrypted Connections Using Stored Routines (Procedures and Functions) Using Symbolic Links Using Symbolic Links for Databases on Unix Using Symbolic Links for Databases on Windows Using Symbolic Links for MyISAM Tables on Unix Using Symbolic Links with Disk Data Objects Using System Memory Using System Variables Using Test Pluggable Authentication Using the --safe-updates Option Using the Authentication Plugins Using the Code Editor Using the Compression Information Schema Tables Using the Event Scheduler Using the keyring_aws Amazon Web Services Keyring Plugin Using the keyring_file File-Based Plugin Using the keyring_okv KMIP Plugin Using the NDB Cluster Auto-Installer Using The NDB Cluster Management Client to Create a Backup Using the Performance Schema to Diagnose Problems Using the Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin Using the sys Schema Using the Test Protocol Trace Plugin Using the UDF Locking Interface Using Triggers Using Two Replication Channels for NDB Cluster Replication Using User-Defined Variables Using Version Tokens Using Views Using WER with PDB to create a Windows crashdump Using Windows Pluggable Authentication Using Your Own Benchmarks Using Your Own Protocol Trace Plugins UTC_DATE() UTC_TIME() UTC_TIMESTAMP() UTF-8 for Metadata Utility Statements UUID() UUID_SHORT() VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH() validate_user_plugins VALUES() VAR_POP() VAR_SAMP() variable-length type Variables and Options Added in MySQL 5.7: InnoDB Variables and Options Added in MySQL 5.7: Replication and Binary Log Variables and Options Added in MySQL 5.7: Server/General Variables and Options Added or Removed in MySQL 5.7: InnoDB Variables and Options Added or Removed in MySQL 5.7: Performance Schema Variables and Options Added or Removed in MySQL 5.7: Replication/Binary Log Variables and Options Added or Removed in MySQL 5.7: Server/General Variables and Options Deprecated in MySQL 5.7: InnoDB Variables and Options Deprecated in MySQL 5.7: Replication and Binary Log Variables and Options Deprecated in MySQL 5.7: Server/General Variables and Options Removed in MySQL 5.7: InnoDB Variables and Options Removed in MySQL 5.7: Server/General Variables in Stored Programs VARIANCE() Verifying File Format Compatibility Verifying Index Usage Verifying Package Integrity Using MD5 Checksums or GnuPG Verifying Replication of Anonymous Transactions Verifying System Support for IPv6 Verifying the InnoDB and memcached Setup Verifying the MD5 Checksum version Version Tokens Version Tokens Components Version Tokens Functions Version Tokens Reference Version Tokens System Variables VERSION() version_comment version_compile_machine version_compile_os victim View and View Changes View Change: a Member Joins View Changes View Metadata View Processing Algorithms View Syntax Viewing InnoDB Initialization Information Viewing InnoDB Table Properties virtual column virtual generated column virtual index Virtual Private Networks (VPN) wait Wait Event Configuration Wait Event Consumers Wait Event Summaries Wait Event Summary Tables Wait Instrument Components WAIT_FOR_EXECUTED_GTID_SET() wait_timeout WAIT_UNTIL_SQL_THREAD_AFTER_GTIDS() warm backup warm up warning_count WEEK() WEEKDAY() WEEKOFYEAR() WEIGHT_STRING() Well-Known Binary (WKB) Format Well-Known Text (WKT) Format West European Character Sets What Calendar Is Used By MySQL? What happens when one node is significantly lagging behind? What is MySQL? What Is New in MySQL 5.7 What is New in NDB Cluster What is New in NDB Cluster 7.5 What is New in NDB Cluster 7.6 What is the group_replication_bootstrap_group option used for? What is the maximum number of MySQL servers in a group? What Results You Can Get from a Query What to Do If MySQL Keeps Crashing When is a member excluded from a group? When Privilege Changes Take Effect When to Use Compression WHERE Clause Optimization Where InnoDB Stores Temporary Files Where MySQL Stores Temporary Files Which MySQL Version and Distribution to Install WHILE Syntax Why mysql_store_result() Sometimes Returns NULL After mysql_query() Returns Success WIN_DEBUG_NO_INLINE Windows Platform Limitations Windows Pluggable Authentication Windows Postinstallation Procedures Windows Service WITH_ASAN WITH_AUTHENTICATION_LDAP WITH_AUTHENTICATION_PAM WITH_BOOST WITH_CLIENT_PROTOCOL_TRACING WITH_DEBUG WITH_DEFAULT_COMPILER_OPTIONS WITH_DEFAULT_FEATURE_SET WITH_EDITLINE WITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER WITH_EMBEDDED_SHARED_LIBRARY WITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS WITH_INNODB_EXTRA_DEBUG WITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED WITH_KEYRING_TEST WITH_LIBEVENT WITH_LIBWRAP WITH_LZ4 WITH_MECAB WITH_MSAN WITH_MSCRT_DEBUG WITH_NDB_TEST WITH_NDBCLUSTER WITH_NDBCLUSTER_STORAGE_ENGINE WITH_NUMA WITH_PROTOBUF WITH_RAPID WITH_SSL WITH_SYSTEMD WITH_TEST_TRACE_PLUGIN WITH_UBSAN WITH_UNIT_TESTS WITH_UNIXODBC WITH_VALGRIND WITH_xxx_STORAGE_ENGINE WITH_ZLIB WITHOUT_SERVER WITHOUT_xxx_STORAGE_ENGINE Workarounds for Locking Performance Issues Working with a Production Deployment Working with InnoDB cluster Working with NULL Values Working With Start-Up Scripts workload Workload Characteristics and Compression write combining Writing Applications for the InnoDB memcached Plugin Writing Audit Log Filter Definitions Writing Audit Plugins Writing Authentication Plugins Writing C API Threaded Client Programs Writing Daemon Plugins Writing Full-Text Parser Plugins Writing INFORMATION_SCHEMA Plugins Writing Keyring Plugins Writing Password-Validation Plugins Writing Plugins Writing Protocol Trace Plugins Writing Semisynchronous Replication Plugins Writing the Client-Side Authentication Plugin Writing the Server-Side Authentication Plugin X DevAPI X Plugin X Plugin Option and Variable Reference X Plugin Options and Variables X Plugin System Variables and Options X Protocol X Protocol Support XA XA Transaction SQL Syntax XA Transaction States XA Transactions XML Functions XOR YEAR() YEAR(2) Limitations YEAR(2) Limitations and Migrating to YEAR(4) YEARWEEK() young zlib_decompress — Decompress mysqlpump ZLIB-Compressed Output | ||, OR ~
